MOOC 微观经济学(大连理工大学)1457911168 最新慕课完整章节测试答案
第一讲 微观经济学导论稀缺性与微观经济学
1.1-1.3部分测试
1、单选题：
1. The phenomenon of scarcity stems from the fact that
选项：
A: most economies’ production methods are not very good.
B: in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services.
C: governments restrict production of too many goods and services.
D: resources are limited.
答案: 【 resources are limited.】
2、单选题：
2. Approximately what percentage of the world's economies experience scarcity?a.10%b.40%c.85%d.100%
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
3、单选题：
3. Economics is the study ofa.production methods.b.how society manages its scarce resources.c.how households decide who performs which tasks.d.the interaction of business and government.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
4、单选题：
4. Which of the following is not an example of scarcity?a.Only some people can afford to buy a Ferrari.b.Every individual in society cannot attain the highest standard of living to which he or she might aspire.c.Doug has an unlimited supply of apples in his orchard.d.Each member of a household cannot get everything he or she wants.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
5、单选题：
5. Which of the following statements best represents the principle represented by the adage, "There is no such thing as a free lunch"?a.Melissa can attend the concert only if she takes her sister with her.b.Greg is hungry and homeless.c.Brian must repair the tire on his bike before he can ride it to class.d.Kendra must decide between going to Colorado or Cancun for spring break.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
6、单选题：
6. A tradeoff exists between a clean environment and a higher level of income in thata.studies show that individuals with higher levels of income pollute less than low-income individuals.b.efforts to reduce pollution typically are not completely successful.c.laws that reduce pollution raise costs of production and reduce incomes.d.employing individuals to clean up pollution causes increases in employment and income.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
7、单选题：
7. A likely effect of government policies that redistribute income and wealth from the wealthy to the poor is that those policiesa.enhance equality.b.reduce efficiency.c.reduce the reward for working hard.d.All of the above are correct.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
8、单选题：
8. Which of the following is not an example of the opportunity cost of going to school?a.The money a student could have earned by working if he had not gone to college.b.The nap a student could have enjoyed if he had not attended class.c.The party a student could have enjoyed if he had not stayed in to study for his exam.d.The money a student spends on rent for his apartment while attending school.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
9、单选题：
9. A rational decisionmaker a.ignores marginal changes and focuses instead on “the big picture.”b.ignores the likely effects of government policies when he or she makes choices.c.takes an action only if the marginal benefit of that action exceeds the marginal cost of that action.d.takes an action only if the combined benefits of that action and previous actions exceed the combined costs of that action and previous actions.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
10、单选题：
10. Rational people make decisions at the margin bya.following marginal traditions.b.behaving in a random fashion.c.thinking in black-and-white terms.d.comparing marginal costs and marginal benefits.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
11、单选题：
11. It costs a company $50,000 to produce 5000 beach towels. The company’s cost will be $50,009 if it produces an additional beach towel. If the company produces 5,000 beach towels thena.its average cost is greater than its marginal cost.b.its average cost and its marginal cost are equal.c.its average cost is less than its marginal cost.d.there is insufficient information to compute average and marginal costs.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
12、单选题：
12. Ralph Nader's book Unsafe at Any Speed caused Congress to requirea.safety glass in all new cars.b.seat belts in all new cars.c.air bags in all new cars.d.stricter drunk driving laws in all states.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
13、单选题：
13. Evidence indicates that seat belt laws have led toa.fewer pedestrian deaths.b.fewer automobile accidents.c.fewer deaths per automobile accident.d.All of the above are correct.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
14、单选题：
14. Production is efficient if the economy is producing at a pointa.on the production possibilities frontier.b.outside the production possibilities frontier.c.on or inside the production possibilities frontier.d.inside the production possibilities frontier.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
15、单选题：
15. Suppose a nation is currently producing at a point inside its production possibilities frontier. We know thata.the nation is producing beyond its capacity, so inflation will occur.b.the nation is not using all available resources or is using inferior technology or both.c.the nation is producing an efficient combination of goods.d.there will be a large opportunity cost if the nation tries to increase production of any good.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
16、单选题：
16. Unemployment would cause an economy toa.produce inside its production possibilities frontier.b.produce on its production possibilities frontier.c.produce outside its production possibilities frontier.d.experience an inward shift of its production possibilities frontier.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
17、单选题：
17. Which of the following concepts cannot be illustrated by the production possibilities frontier?a.efficiencyb.opportunity costc.equalityd.trade-offs
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
18、单选题：
The opportunity cost of obtaining more of one good is shown on the production possibilities frontier as thea.amount of the other good that must be given up.b.market price of the additional amount produced.c.amount of resources that must be devoted to its production.d.number of dollars that must be spent to produce it.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
19、单选题：
Table 1-1Production Possibilities for LibrarylandBooksMagazines400 0300200200350100450 0500 19. Refer to Table 1-1. What is the opportunity cost to Libraryland of increasing the production of books from 200 to 300?a.100 magazinesb.150 magazinesc.200 magazinesd.350 magazines
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
20、单选题：
Table 1-1Production Possibilities for LibrarylandBooksMagazines400 0300200200350100450 050020. Refer to Table 1-1. Which of the following statements is correct?a.The opportunity cost of an additional 100 books is constant at 50 magazines.b.The opportunity cost of an additional 100 books is constant at 100 magazines.c.Libraryland’s production possibilities frontier is a straight, downward-sloping line.d.The opportunity cost of an additional 100 books increases as more books are produced.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
1.1-1.6 部分测试
1、单选题：
Ben bakes bread and Shawna knits sweaters. Ben and Shawna both like to eat bread and wear sweaters. In which of the following cases is it impossible for both Ben and Shawna to benefit from trade?
选项：
A: Ben cannot knit sweaters and Shawna cannot bake bread.
B: Ben is better than Shawna at baking bread and Shawna is better than Ben at knitting sweaters.
C: Ben is better than Shawna at baking bread and at knitting sweaters.
D: Both Ben and Shawna can benefit from trade in all of the above cases.
答案: 【 Both Ben and Shawna can benefit from trade in all of the above cases.】
2、单选题：
A production possibilities frontier is bowed outward when
选项：
A: the more resources the economy uses to produce one good, the fewer resources it has available to produce the other good.
B: an economy is self-sufficient instead of interdependent and engaged in trade.
C: the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced is constant.
D: the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced depends on how much of each good is being produced.
答案: 【 the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced depends on how much of each good is being produced.】
3、单选题：
A certain cowboy spends 10 hours per day mending fences and herding cattle. For the cowboy, a graph that shows his various possible mixes of output (fences mended per day and cattle herded per day) is called his
选项：
A: line of tastes.
B: trade-off curve.
C: production possibilities frontier.
D: consumption possibilities frontier.
答案: 【 production possibilities frontier.】
4、单选题：
Table 3-1Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and producing beef at a constant rate. Minutes Needed to Make 1Bushel of WheatPound of BeefAndia2012Zardia1510 Refer to Table 3-1. Assume that Andia and Zardia each has 360 minutes available. If each person divides his time equally between the production of wheat and beef, then total production is
选项：
A: 10.5 bushels of wheat and 16.5 pounds of beef.
B: 21 bushels of wheat and 33 pounds of beef.
C: 35 bushels of wheat and 22 pounds of beef.
D: 42 bushels of wheat and 66 pounds of beef.
答案: 【 21 bushels of wheat and 33 pounds of beef.】
5、单选题：
Table 3-1Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and producing beef at a constant rate. Minutes Needed to Make 1Bushel of WheatPound of BeefAndia2012Zardia1510Refer to Table 3-1. Which of the following combinations of wheat and beef could Andia produce in one 8-hour day?
选项：
A: 6 bushels of wheat and 35 pounds of beef
B: 9 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beef
C: 15 bushels of wheat and 20 pounds of beef
D: 24 bushels of wheat and 40 pounds of beef
答案: 【 9 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beef】
6、单选题：
Table 3-1Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and producing beef at a constant rate. Minutes Needed to Make 1Bushel of WheatPound of BeefAndia2012Zardia1510Refer to Table 3-1. Which of the following combinations of wheat and beef could Zardia not produce in one 10-hour day?
选项：
A: 10 bushels of wheat and 45 pounds of beef
B: 20 bushels of wheat and 30 pounds of beef
C: 25 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beef
D: 30 bushels of wheat and 15 pounds of beef
答案: 【 25 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beef】
7、单选题：
Mike and Sandy are two woodworkers who both make tables and chairs. In one month, Mike can make 4 tables or 20 chairs, where Sandy can make 6 tables or 18 chairs. Given this, we know that the opportunity cost of 1 chair is
选项：
A: 1/5 table for Mike and 1/3 table for Sandy.
B: 1/5 table for Mike and 3 tables for Sandy.
C: 5 tables for Mike and 1/3 table for Sandy.
D: 5 tables for Mike and 3 tables for Sandy.
答案: 【 1/5 table for Mike and 1/3 table for Sandy.】
8、单选题：
Mike and Sandy are two woodworkers who both make tables and chairs. In one month, Mike can make 4 tables or 20 chairs, where Sandy can make 6 tables or 18 chairs. Given this, we know that the opportunity cost of 1 table is
选项：
A: 1/5 chair for Mike and 1/3 chair for Sandy.
B: 1/5 chair for Mike and 3 chairs for Sandy.
C: 5 chairs for Mike and 1/3 chair for Sandy.
D: 5 chairs for Mike and 3 chairs for Sandy.
答案: 【 5 chairs for Mike and 3 chairs for Sandy.】
9、单选题：
Absolute advantage is found by comparing different producers’
选项：
A: opportunity costs.
B: payments to land, labor, and capital.
C: input requirements per unit of output.
D: locational and logistical circumstances.
答案: 【 input requirements per unit of output.】
10、单选题：
The producer that requires a smaller quantity of inputs to produce a certain amount of a good, relative to the quantities of inputs required by other producers to produce the same amount of that good,
选项：
A: has a low opportunity cost of producing that good, relative to the opportunity costs of other producers.
B: has a comparative advantage in the production of that good.
C: has an absolute advantage in the production of that good.
D: should be the only producer of that good.
答案: 【 has an absolute advantage in the production of that good.】
11、单选题：
Suppose Jim and Tom can both produce two goods: baseball bats and hockey sticks. Which of the following is not possible?
选项：
A: Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.
B: Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and a comparative advantage in the production of hockey sticks.
C: Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of hockey sticks and a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats.
D: Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.
答案: 【 Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.】
12、单选题：
Kelly and David are both capable of repairing cars and cooking meals. Which of the following scenarios is not possible?
选项：
A: Kelly has a comparative advantage in repairing cars and David has a comparative advantage in cooking meals.
B: Kelly has an absolute advantage in repairing cars and David has an absolute advantage in cooking meals.
C: Kelly has a comparative advantage in repairing cars and in cooking meals.
D: David has an absolute advantage in repairing cars and in cooking meals.
答案: 【 Kelly has a comparative advantage in repairing cars and in cooking meals.】
13、单选题：
When each person specializes in producing the good in which he or she has a comparative advantage, total production in the economy
选项：
A: falls.
B: stays the same.
C: rises.
D: may fall, rise, or stay the same.
答案: 【 rises.】
14、单选题：
Total output in an economy increases when each person specializes because
选项：
A: there is less competition for the same resources.
B: each person spends more time producing that product in which he or she has a comparative advantage.
C: a wider variety of products will be produced within each country due to specialization.
D: government necessarily plays a larger role in the economy due to specialization.
答案: 【 each person spends more time producing that product in which he or she has a comparative advantage.】
15、单选题：
Suppose that a worker in Caninia can produce either 2 blankets or 8 meals per day, and a worker in Felinia can produce either 5 blankets or 1 meal per day. Each nation has 10 workers. For many years, the two countries traded, each completely specializing according to their respective comparative advantages. Now war has broken out between them and all trade has stopped. Without trade, Caninia produces and consumes 10 blankets and 40 meals per day and Felinia produces and consumes 25 blankets and 5 meals per day. The war has caused the combined daily output of the two countries to decline by
选项：
A: 15 blankets and 35 meals.
B: 25 blankets and 40 meals.
C: 35 blankets and 45 meals.
D: 50 blankets and 80 meals.
答案: 【 15 blankets and 35 meals.】
16、单选题：
The gains from trade are
选项：
A: evident in economic models, but seldom observed in the real world.
B: evident in the real world, but impossible to capture in economic models.
C: a result of more efficient resource allocation than would be observed in the absence of trade.
D: based on the principle of absolute advantage.
答案: 【 a result of more efficient resource allocation than would be observed in the absence of trade.】
17、单选题：
Trade can make everybody better off because it
选项：
A: increases cooperation among nations.
B: allows people to specialize according to comparative advantage.
C: requires some workers in an economy to be retrained.
D: reduces competition among domestic companies.
答案: 【 allows people to specialize according to comparative advantage.】
18、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland14 Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba’s opportunity cost of one cooler is
选项：
A: 0.4 radio and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 0.25 radio.
B: 0.4 radio and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 4 radios.
C: 2.5 radios and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 0.25 radio.
D: 2.5 radios and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 4 radios.
答案: 【 0.4 radio and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 0.25 radio.】
19、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland14 Refer to Table 3-2. Suppose Aruba decides to increase its production of radios by 10. What is the opportunity cost of this decision?
选项：
A: 0.25 coolers
B: 2.5 coolers
C: 4 coolers
D: 25 coolers
答案: 【 25 coolers】
20、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland14Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba has an absolute advantage in the production of
选项：
A: coolers and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of radios.
B: radios and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of coolers.
C: both goods and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of neither good.
D: neither good and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of both goods.
答案: 【 neither good and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of both goods.】
21、单选题：
1. The phenomenon of scarcity stems from the fact that
选项：
A: most economies’ production methods are not very good.
B: in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services.
C: governments restrict production of too many goods and services.
D: resources are limited.
答案: 【 resources are limited.】
22、单选题：
Approximately what percentage of the world's economies experience scarcity?
选项：
A: 10%
B: 40%
C: 85%
D: 100%
答案: 【 100%】
23、单选题：
Economics is the study of
选项：
A: production methods.
B: how society manages its scarce resources.
C: how households decide who performs which tasks.
D: the interaction of business and government.
答案: 【 how society manages its scarce resources.】
24、单选题：
Which of the following is not an example of scarcity?
选项：
A: Only some people can afford to buy a Ferrari.
B: Every individual in society cannot attain the highest standard of living to which he or she might aspire.
C: Doug has an unlimited supply of apples in his orchard.
D: Each member of a household cannot get everything he or she wants.
答案: 【 Doug has an unlimited supply of apples in his orchard.】
25、单选题：
Which of the following statements best represents the principle represented by the adage, "There is no such thing as a free lunch"?
选项：
A: Melissa can attend the concert only if she takes her sister with her.
B: Greg is hungry and homeless.
C: Brian must repair the tire on his bike before he can ride it to class.
D: Kendra must decide between going to Colorado or Cancun for spring break.
答案: 【 Kendra must decide between going to Colorado or Cancun for spring break.】
26、单选题：
A tradeoff exists between a clean environment and a higher level of income in that
选项：
A: studies show that individuals with higher levels of income pollute less than low-income individuals.
B: efforts to reduce pollution typically are not completely successful.
C: laws that reduce pollution raise costs of production and reduce incomes.
D: employing individuals to clean up pollution causes increases in employment and income.
答案: 【 laws that reduce pollution raise costs of production and reduce incomes.】
27、单选题：
A likely effect of government policies that redistribute income and wealth from the wealthy to the poor is that those policies
选项：
A: enhance equality.
B: reduce efficiency.
C: reduce the reward for working hard.
D: All of the above are correct.
答案: 【 All of the above are correct.】
28、单选题：
Which of the following is not an example of the opportunity cost of going to school?
选项：
A: The money a student could have earned by working if he had not gone to college.
B: The nap a student could have enjoyed if he had not attended class.
C: The party a student could have enjoyed if he had not stayed in to study for his exam.
D: The money a student spends on rent for his apartment while attending school.
答案: 【 The money a student spends on rent for his apartment while attending school.】
29、单选题：
A rational decisionmaker
选项：
A: ignores marginal changes and focuses instead on “the big picture.”
B: ignores the likely effects of government policies when he or she makes choices.
C: takes an action only if the marginal benefit of that action exceeds the marginal cost of that action.
D: takes an action only if the combined benefits of that action and previous actions exceed the combined costs of that action and previous actions.
答案: 【 takes an action only if the marginal benefit of that action exceeds the marginal cost of that action.】
30、单选题：
It costs a company $50,000 to produce 5000 beach towels. The company’s cost will be $50,009 if it produces an additional beach towel. If the company produces 5,000 beach towels then
选项：
A: its average cost is greater than its marginal cost.
B: its average cost and its marginal cost are equal.
C: its average cost is less than its marginal cost.
D: there is insufficient information to compute average and marginal costs.
答案: 【 its average cost is greater than its marginal cost.】
1.10微观经济学要研究什么
1、单选题：
以下哪个问题不是微观经济学的研究内容
选项：
A: 厂商生产商品的产量和价格
B: 失业率的上升和下降
C: 政府宏观经济研究部门的雇佣情况
D: 税收对某一商品价格的影响
答案: 【 失业率的上升和下降】
2、判断题：
对于价格的分析是理解市场机制运行的关键之处
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
1.1随堂测验
1、单选题：
单选）关于稀缺性，下面哪个说法是错的？
选项：
A: 最富有的国家也有稀缺性；
B: 相对而言，稀缺性的存在更因为欲望无限；
C: 相对而言，稀缺性的存在更因为资源有限；
D: 稀缺性的存在也促成了效率的提高；
答案: 【 相对而言，稀缺性的存在更因为资源有限；】
2、多选题：
多选）关于稀缺性，如下哪些说法是对的：
选项：
A: 因为稀缺性，我们支付商品时需要支付价格；
B: 因为稀缺性，我们进行收入分配；
C: 因为稀缺性，我们必须做到有效率地配置资源；
D: 因为稀缺性，我们必须克制自己的欲望；
答案: 【 因为稀缺性，我们支付商品时需要支付价格；;
因为稀缺性，我们进行收入分配；;
因为稀缺性，我们必须做到有效率地配置资源；】
3、多选题：
多选）关于稀缺性，如下哪些说法是对的：
选项：
A: 稀缺性可以通过修身养性来解决；
B: 稀缺性是技术进步的动力；
C: 稀缺性是促使了经济活动的繁荣；
D: 稀缺性存在于所有的社会；
答案: 【 稀缺性是技术进步的动力；;
稀缺性是促使了经济活动的繁荣；;
稀缺性存在于所有的社会；】
1.2随堂测验
1、单选题：
单选）如下哪个方面是生产可能性边界不能解释的？
选项：
A: 资源配置是否有效率；
B: 稀缺性；
C: 收入分配不公；
D: 资源是如何配置的；
答案: 【 收入分配不公；】
2、单选题：
单选）关于生产可能性边界的性质，下面哪个说法是错的：
选项：
A: 负斜率；
B: 一个商品转换成另外一个商品的比率越来越小；
C: 凸向原点；
D: 是可以向外推移的；
答案: 【 凸向原点；】
3、多选题：
多选）关于生产可能性边界，如下哪些说法是正确的：
选项：
A: 如果技术进步，边界可以外扩；
B: 人类社会必然在边界上生产；
C: 生产可能性边界一般都是凹向原点的；
D: 生产可能性边界在技术进步快的前提下可能是正斜率的；
答案: 【 如果技术进步，边界可以外扩；;
生产可能性边界一般都是凹向原点的；】
1.3随堂测验
1、单选题：
如果你用别人送的票看电影，你看电影的机会成本是
选项：
A: 电影票的价格
B: 时间的成本
C: 电影票的市场价值和看电影花掉的时间的价值
D: 今后要礼尚往来回送别人礼物的价值
答案: 【 电影票的市场价值和看电影花掉的时间的价值】
2、单选题：
假设发电只需要煤炭，那么在竞争条件下，使用煤炭发电的机会成本就是
选项：
A: 煤炭当前的市场价值
B: 煤炭的购入成本
C: 煤炭在未来能够卖出的最好价格
D: 煤炭的购入成本和未来最好价格两者中最大的那个值
答案: 【 煤炭当前的市场价值】
1.4-1.6 部分测试
1、单选题：
1. Ben bakes bread and Shawna knits sweaters. Ben and Shawna both like to eat bread and wear sweaters. In which of the following cases is it impossible for both Ben and Shawna to benefit from trade?a.Ben cannot knit sweaters and Shawna cannot bake bread.b.Ben is better than Shawna at baking bread and Shawna is better than Ben at knitting sweaters.c.Ben is better than Shawna at baking bread and at knitting sweaters.d.Both Ben and Shawna can benefit from trade in all of the above cases.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
2、单选题：
2. A production possibilities frontier is bowed outward whena.the more resources the economy uses to produce one good, the fewer resources it has available to produce the other good.b.an economy is self-sufficient instead of interdependent and engaged in trade.c.the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced is constant.d.the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced depends on how much of each good is being produced.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
3、单选题：
3. A certain cowboy spends 10 hours per day mending fences and herding cattle. For the cowboy, a graph that shows his various possible mixes of output (fences mended per day and cattle herded per day) is called hisa.line of tastes.b.trade-off curve.c.production possibilities frontier.d.consumption possibilities frontier.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
4、单选题：
Table 3-1Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and producing beef at a constant rate. Minutes Needed to Make 1Bushel of WheatPound of BeefAndia2012Zardia1510 4. Refer to Table 3-1. Assume that Andia and Zardia each has 360 minutes available. If each person divides his time equally between the production of wheat and beef, then total production is a.10.5 bushels of wheat and 16.5 pounds of beef.b.21 bushels of wheat and 33 pounds of beef.c.35 bushels of wheat and 22 pounds of beef.d.42 bushels of wheat and 66 pounds of beef.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
5、单选题：
Table 3-1Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and producing beef at a constant rate. Minutes Needed to Make 1Bushel of WheatPound of BeefAndia2012Zardia15105. Refer to Table 3-1. Which of the following combinations of wheat and beef could Andia produce in one 8-hour day?a.6 bushels of wheat and 35 pounds of beefb.9 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beefc.15 bushels of wheat and 20 pounds of beefd.24 bushels of wheat and 40 pounds of beef
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
6、单选题：
Table 3-1Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and producing beef at a constant rate. Minutes Needed to Make 1Bushel of WheatPound of BeefAndia2012Zardia15106. Refer to Table 3-1. Which of the following combinations of wheat and beef could Zardia not produce in one 10-hour day?a.10 bushels of wheat and 45 pounds of beefb.20 bushels of wheat and 30 pounds of beefc.25 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beefd.30 bushels of wheat and 15 pounds of beef
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
7、单选题：
7. Mike and Sandy are two woodworkers who both make tables and chairs. In one month, Mike can make 4 tables or 20 chairs, where Sandy can make 6 tables or 18 chairs. Given this, we know that the opportunity cost of 1 chair isa.1/5 table for Mike and 1/3 table for Sandy.b.1/5 table for Mike and 3 tables for Sandy.c.5 tables for Mike and 1/3 table for Sandy.d.5 tables for Mike and 3 tables for Sandy.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
8、单选题：
8. Mike and Sandy are two woodworkers who both make tables and chairs. In one month, Mike can make 4 tables or 20 chairs, where Sandy can make 6 tables or 18 chairs. Given this, we know that the opportunity cost of 1 table isa.1/5 chair for Mike and 1/3 chair for Sandy.b.1/5 chair for Mike and 3 chairs for Sandy.c.5 chairs for Mike and 1/3 chair for Sandy.d.5 chairs for Mike and 3 chairs for Sandy.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
9、单选题：
9. Absolute advantage is found by comparing different producers’a.opportunity costs.b.payments to land, labor, and capital.c.input requirements per unit of output.d.locational and logistical circumstances.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
10、单选题：
10. The producer that requires a smaller quantity of inputs to produce a certain amount of a good, relative to the quantities of inputs required by other producers to produce the same amount of that good,a.has a low opportunity cost of producing that good, relative to the opportunity costs of other producers.b.has a comparative advantage in the production of that good.c.has an absolute advantage in the production of that good.d.should be the only producer of that good.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
11、单选题：
11. Suppose Jim and Tom can both produce two goods: baseball bats and hockey sticks. Which of the following is not possible?a.Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.b.Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and a comparative advantage in the production of hockey sticks.c.Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of hockey sticks and a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats.d.Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
12、单选题：
12. Kelly and David are both capable of repairing cars and cooking meals. Which of the following scenarios is not possible?a.Kelly has a comparative advantage in repairing cars and David has a comparative advantage in cooking meals.b.Kelly has an absolute advantage in repairing cars and David has an absolute advantage in cooking meals.c.Kelly has a comparative advantage in repairing cars and in cooking meals.d.David has an absolute advantage in repairing cars and in cooking meals.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
13、单选题：
13. When each person specializes in producing the good in which he or she has a comparative advantage, total production in the economya.falls.b.stays the same.c.rises.d.may fall, rise, or stay the same.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
14、单选题：
14. Total output in an economy increases when each person specializes becausea.there is less competition for the same resources.b.each person spends more time producing that product in which he or she has a comparative advantage.c.a wider variety of products will be produced within each country due to specialization.d.government necessarily plays a larger role in the economy due to specialization.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
15、单选题：
15. Suppose that a worker in Caninia can produce either 2 blankets or 8 meals per day, and a worker in Felinia can produce either 5 blankets or 1 meal per day. Each nation has 10 workers. For many years, the two countries traded, each completely specializing according to their respective comparative advantages. Now war has broken out between them and all trade has stopped. Without trade, Caninia produces and consumes 10 blankets and 40 meals per day and Felinia produces and consumes 25 blankets and 5 meals per day. The war has caused the combined daily output of the two countries to decline bya.15 blankets and 35 meals.b.25 blankets and 40 meals.c.35 blankets and 45 meals.d.50 blankets and 80 meals.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
16、单选题：
16. The gains from trade area.evident in economic models, but seldom observed in the real world.b.evident in the real world, but impossible to capture in economic models.c.a result of more efficient resource allocation than would be observed in the absence of trade.d.based on the principle of absolute advantage.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
17、单选题：
17. Trade can make everybody better off because ita.increases cooperation among nations.b.allows people to specialize according to comparative advantage.c.requires some workers in an economy to be retrained.d.reduces competition among domestic companies.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
18、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland14 18. Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba’s opportunity cost of one cooler is a.0.4 radio and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 0.25 radio.b.0.4 radio and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 4 radios.c.2.5 radios and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 0.25 radio.d.2.5 radios and Iceland’s opportunity cost of one cooler is 4 radios.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
19、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1419. Refer to Table 3-2. Suppose Aruba decides to increase its production of radios by 10. What is the opportunity cost of this decision?a.0.25 coolersb.2.5 coolersc.4 coolersd.25 coolers
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
20、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1420. Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba has an absolute advantage in the production of a.coolers and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of radios.b.radios and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of coolers.c.both goods and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of neither good.d.neither good and Iceland has an absolute advantage in the production of both goods.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 d】
21、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1421. Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba has a comparative advantage in the production of a.coolers and Iceland has a comparative advantage in the production of radios.b.radios and Iceland has a comparative advantage in the production of coolers.c.both goods and Iceland has a comparative advantage in the production of neither good.d.neither good and Iceland has a comparative advantage in the production of both goods.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
22、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1422. Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba should specialize in the production ofa.coolers and Iceland should specialize in the production of radios.b.radios and Iceland should specialize in the production of coolers.c.both goods and Iceland should specialize in the production of neither good.d.neither good and Iceland should specialize in the production of both goods.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
23、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1423. Refer to Table 3-2. Assume that Aruba and Iceland each has 80 labor hours available. Originally, each country divided its time equally between the production of coolers and radios. Now, each country spends all its time producing the good in which it has a comparative advantage. As a result, the total output of coolers increased bya.20.b.40.c.60.d.80.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
24、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1424. Refer to Table 3-2. At which of the following prices would both Aruba and Iceland gain from trade with each other?a.2 radios for 4 coolersb.2 radio for 6 coolersc.2 radio for 10 coolersd.Aruba and Iceland could not both gain from trade with each other at any price.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
25、单选题：
Table 3-2Assume that Aruba and Iceland can switch between producing coolers and producing radios at a constant rate. Labor HoursNeeded to Make 1CoolerRadioAruba25Iceland1425. Refer to Table 3-2. Aruba and Iceland would not be able to gain from trade if Iceland's opportunity cost of one radio changed toa.0 coolers.b.0.25 coolers.c.2.5 coolers.d.Aruba and Iceland can always gain from trade regardless of their opportunity costs.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 c】
26、单选题：
Table 3-3Assume that Falda and Varick can switch between producing wheat and producing cloth at a constant rate. Quantity Produced in 1 HourBushels of WheatYards of ClothFalda812Varick615 26. Refer to Table 3-3. Falda has an absolute advantage in the production of a.wheat.b.cloth.c.both goods.d.neither good.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
27、单选题：
Table 3-3Assume that Falda and Varick can switch between producing wheat and producing cloth at a constant rate. Quantity Produced in 1 HourBushels of WheatYards of ClothFalda812Varick61527. Refer to Table 3-3. Varick has an absolute advantage in the production of a.wheat.b.cloth.c.both goods.d.neither good.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
28、单选题：
Table 3-3Assume that Falda and Varick can switch between producing wheat and producing cloth at a constant rate. Quantity Produced in 1 HourBushels of WheatYards of ClothFalda812Varick615 28. Refer to Table 3-3. Falda has a comparative advantage in the production of a.wheat.b.cloth.c.both goods.d.neither good.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 a】
29、单选题：
Table 3-3Assume that Falda and Varick can switch between producing wheat and producing cloth at a constant rate. Quantity Produced in 1 HourBushels of WheatYards of ClothFalda812Varick61529. Refer to Table 3-3. Varick has a comparative advantage in the production of a.wheat.b.cloth.c.both goods.d.neither good.
选项：
A: a
B: b
C: c
D: d
答案: 【 b】
1.4基本的经济问题
1、多选题：
我们所面临的基本经济问题包括哪些？
选项：
A: 生产什么
B: 为谁生产
C: 如何生产
D: 生产多少
答案: 【 生产什么;
为谁生产;
如何生产;
生产多少】
2、判断题：
社会做出基本的选择的目的是要有效率地配置资源。
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
1.5随堂测验
1、单选题：
关于绝对优势与比较优势，如下哪个说法是对的
选项：
A: 专业化分工是建立在绝对优势的基础上的
B: 市场交换是建立在绝对优势的基础上的
C: 专业化分工与市场交换是建立在比较优势的基础上的
D: 即使各个生产者都存在自己的绝对优势，这也不必然导致专业化分工和市场化交换
答案: 【 专业化分工与市场交换是建立在比较优势的基础上的】
2、单选题：
关于绝对优势与比较优势，如下哪个说法是对的
选项：
A: 生产者