MOOC College Chemistry（I）(Central South University)1458208164 最新慕课完整章节测试答案
Unit 1 lecture 1 Introduction speaker Wang Yifan,Yan Jun
文章目录
- Unit 1 lecture 1 Introduction speaker Wang Yifan,Yan Jun
- Unit 1 lecture 2 The colligative property of dilute solution speaker Liu Shaoqian, He Piao, Liu Chao
- Unit 1 lecture 3 Electrolyte solution speaker Wang Manjuan, Yi Xiaoyi
- Unit 2 lecture 4 Buffer solution speaker Wang Manjuan, Yan Jun
- Unit 2 lecture 5 Chemical analysis (1) speaker He Yuewu, Xiang Juan
- Unit 3 Chapter 6 Basic laws and functions of chemical thermodynamics
- Unit 3 Chapter 7 Chemical equilibrium
- Unit 3 Chapter 8 Reaction rate
- Unit 4 Chapter 10 Basis of electrochemistry
- Unit 4 Chapter 9 Colloidal chemistry
- Unit 5 Chapter 11 Atomic structure and periodicity of elements
- Unit 5 Chapter 12 Covalent bond and molecular structure
- Unit 5 Chapter 13 Basis of coordination chemistry
- Unit 6 Chapter 14 Chemical analysis (2)
- Unit 6 Chapter 15 Ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry
- Unit 7 Chapter 16 Introduction to crystal structure
- Unit 7 Chapter 17 Elementary substance, inorganic compound and inorganic material
- Unit 7 Chapter 18 Polymer compound and material
1 Definition and main branches of chemistry
1、单选题：
1. Among the main branches of chemistry, the so-called "four major chemistry" secondary disciplines are
选项：
A: Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry.
B: Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry and analytical chemistry
C: Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry and polymer chemistry
D: Not sure
答案: 【 Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry and analytical chemistry】
2、单选题：
2. Organic chemistry is also known as carbon chemistry, which of the following material options belongs to the study object of organic chemistry?
选项：
A: CO、CO2、C60
B: CO、CO2、CS2
C: CaC2、WC、SiC
D: CH4、HCOOH、C2H5OH
答案: 【 CH4、HCOOH、C2H5OH】
2 Main characteristics of Chemistry
1、单选题：
1. Which of the following options is the reason why chemistry is known as "the central science of the 21st century"?
选项：
A: Chemistry is the bridge between many disciplines and involves all aspects of human life.
B: Chemistry is a central, practical and creative science.
C: Chemistry is an experimental science.
D: The history of the development of science and technology has eloquently proved this statement.
答案: 【 Chemistry is the bridge between many disciplines and involves all aspects of human life.】
2、单选题：
2. As the pillar of modern civilization, the four major disciplines are
选项：
A: Environment, information, materials and physical sciences.
B: Chemistry, energy, materials and life sciences.
C: Energy, information, materials and life sciences.
D: Food, information, materials and resource science.
答案: 【 Energy, information, materials and life sciences.】
3 The formation of Chemical Science
1、单选题：
1.The use of fire has a great impact on human society. The first thing it brings about is
选项：
A: The improvement of alchemy, alchemy and medicine.
B: The transformation of ceramic technology and metal smelting.
C: The development of chemical processes such as papermaking, porcelain, glass, etc.
D: The rise of agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts.
答案: 【 The transformation of ceramic technology and metal smelting.】
2、单选题：
2. The scientist known as "the father of modern chemistry" is
选项：
A: Boyle
B: Mendeleev
C: Bezelius
D: Liebich
答案: 【 Boyle】
4 Chemistry as the pioneer of energy
1、单选题：
1. From the perspective of major energy use, the era of modern society can be called
选项：
A: Information age.
B: Nuclear age.
C: The era of petroleum.
D: Solar energy era.
答案: 【 The era of petroleum.】
2、单选题：
2. Which of the following is the clean and renewable energy related to chemistry?
选项：
A: Hydrogen fuel cells.
B: Thermonuclear reactor.
C: Battery.
D: Primary battery.
答案: 【 Hydrogen fuel cells.】
5 Chemistry as the maker of materials and so on
1、单选题：
1. The future development trend of material development is
选项：
A: Nanomaterials.
B: Composites with special functions.
C: Hydrogen storage material.
D: Polymer material.
答案: 【 Composites with special functions.】
2、单选题：
2. One of the outstanding roles that chemistry plays in modern society is
选项：
A: The culprit of environmental pollution.
B: The developer of chemical weapons.
C: The protector of the environment.
D: Comprehensive users of waste.
答案: 【 The protector of the environment.】
6 The relationship between medicine and chemistry and so on
1、单选题：
1. The drugs that started the field of antibiotics today is
选项：
A: Artemisinin.
B: Penicillin.
C: Oxytetracycline.
D: Sulfonamides.
答案: 【 Sulfonamides.】
2、单选题：
2. Among the following options, which is known as the “Apollo moon landing project” of life sciences?
选项：
A: Post-Genome Project.
B: Protein engineering.
C: Genetic engineering.
D: Human genome project.
答案: 【 Human genome project.】
7 The relationship between new drugs and chemistry, etc.
1、单选题：
1. The key method for Youyou Tu to extract artemisinin is
选项：
A: Cold extraction with low boiling point solvent.
B: Vacuum distillation.
C: Recrystallization method.
D: Steam distillation.
答案: 【 Cold extraction with low boiling point solvent.】
2、单选题：
2. Among the ten Nobel Prizes in Chemistry from 2001 to 2010, the number of terms related to life sciences is
选项：
A: Ten
B: Six
C: Eighth
D: Five
答案: 【 Six】
8 College Chemistry (I) - Introduction to basic chemistry
1、单选题：
1. "College Chemistry" (part I)-the main subjects covered by the teaching content of basic chemistry are
选项：
A: Inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry.
B: Inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry.
C: Inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry.
D: Organic chemistry.
答案: 【 Inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry.】
2、单选题：
2. The main teaching objects of the excellent online course of college chemistry are?
选项：
A: Social learners.
B: Students majoring in biomedicine and non-chemical engineering.
C: Social learners and college students majoring in biomedicine and non-chemical engineering.
D: Students majoring in biomedicine.
答案: 【 Social learners and college students majoring in biomedicine and non-chemical engineering.】
Unit 1 lecture 2 The colligative property of dilute solution speaker Liu Shaoqian, He Piao, Liu Chao
1 Vapor pressure lowering of the solution
1、单选题：
1. At 30℃, the vapor pressure of pure water is 4239.7pa, and the vapor pressure of solution containing 1000g water and 3mol sugar 
is ( )
选项：
A: 2333Pa
B: 2919.8Pa
C: 4022.5Pa
D: 4226.3Pa
答案: 【 4022.5Pa】
2、单选题：
2. The factors affecting the vapor pressure of pure substances are ( )
选项：
A: Type of substance
B: aggregation state of substance
C: Temperature
D: Type, aggregation state and temperature of substance
答案: 【 Type, aggregation state and temperature of substance】
2 Boiling point elevation of solution
1、单选题：
1. It is known that the 
of water is 
, if 0.20mol sucrose 
is dissolved in 1000g water, the normal boiling point of the resulting solution is（ ）
选项：
A: 100.102℃
B: 99.898℃
C: 100.204℃
D: 99.796℃
答案: 【 100.102℃】
2、单选题：
2. Which of the following factors does not affect the boiling point of dilute solution（ ）
选项：
A: Boiling point of solvent
B: Environment temperature
C: External pressure
D: Molality of solute
答案: 【 Environment temperature】
3、单选题：
3. The three-phase point of water is a temperature and pressure condition under which water, ice and steam can coexist. The corresponding temperature is 0.01℃. Under this temperature, the external pressure of water is（ ）
选项：
A: 101.325kPa
B: 0.6106kPa
C: 100kPa
D: 1000kPa
答案: 【 0.6106kPa】
3 Freezing point depression of solution
1、单选题：
1. It is known that the 
of ice is 
, in order to reduce the freezing point of the solution by 1℃, how many moles of sugar must be added to 100ml water?（ ）
选项：
A: 0.54
B: 0.27
C: 0.054
D: 0.027
答案: 【 0.054】
2、单选题：
2. Generally speaking, the "freezing point of solution" is ( )
选项：
A: Temperature range of solid-liquid coexistence
B: Temperature at which solid and liquid phases coexist
C: A given temperature
D: The temperature at which a solid begins to appear in a liquid solution
答案: 【 The temperature at which a solid begins to appear in a liquid solution】
3、单选题：
3. Which of the following does not belong to the application of freezing point depression ( )
选项：
A: Judgment of the purity of substances
B: Vacuum distillation
C: Desalination of seawater
D: Determination of the molar mass of the substance
答案: 【 Vacuum distillation】
4 Osmotic phenomenon and osmotic pressure
1、单选题：
1. The ideal semipermeable membrane is ( )
选项：
A: A membrane that only allows solvent molecules to pass through
B: A membrane that only allows solute molecules to pass through
C: A membrane that allows solvent molecules and small solute molecules to pass through, but does not allow large solute molecules to pass through
D: A membrane that allows only small molecules of solute to pass through, but does not allow solvent molecules and macromolecular solute molecules to pass through
答案: 【 A membrane that only allows solvent molecules to pass through】
2、单选题：
2. At a certain temperature, when the dilute solution and the concentrated solution are separated by an ideal semipermeable membrane, the external pressure applied on the concentrated solution surface to stop the osmosis of water must be ( )
选项：
A: Osmotic pressure of dilute solution
B: Osmotic pressure of concentrated solution
C: The sum of osmotic pressure of both solutions
D: Difference of osmotic pressure between concentrated solution and dilute solution
答案: 【 Difference of osmotic pressure between concentrated solution and dilute solution】
5 The relationship between osmotic pressure, concentration
6 The significance of osmotic pressure in medicine
1、单选题：
1. Which of the following solutions has the same osmolarity as that of 
solution?（ ）
选项：
A: 
B: 
C: 
D: 
答案: 【 】
2、单选题：
2. Which of the following is an isotonic solution in medicine? ( )
选项：
A: 
B: 
C: 
D: 
答案: 【 】
3、单选题：
3. The solution that can make red blood cells shrink is ( ).
选项：
A: 
B: 
C: 
D: A mixture of physiological saline and water of equal volume
答案: 【 】
Unit 1 lecture 3 Electrolyte solution speaker Wang Manjuan, Yi Xiaoyi
1 Strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte and dissociation ...
1、单选题：
Among the following substances, which is usually a strong electrolyte?
选项：
A: Strong polar molecule
B: Weak polar molecule
C: Non-polar molecule
D: Homonuclear diatomic molecule
答案: 【 Strong polar molecule】
2、单选题：
In a solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol/kg, how much the dissociation degree of the solute should be more than so that it can be called a strong electrolyte?
选项：
A: 50%
B: 80%
C: 100%
D: 30%
答案: 【 30%】
10 Solubility and solubility product
1、单选题：
The wrong statement about Ksp and s of insoluble electrolytes is
选项：
A: Both can represent the solubility of insoluble electrolytes
B: They can be converted into each other
C: There is no difference between them
D: The two are interrelated
答案: 【 There is no difference between them 】
2、单选题：
Which of the following statement about the Ksp and S of insoluble electrolytes is correct?
选项：
A: The larger the Ksp, the greater the S
B: For the same type of insoluble electrolyte, the larger the Ksp, the greater the S
C: The smaller the Ksp, the smaller the S
D: The Ksp and S of a given insoluble electrolyte are not related
答案: 【 For the same type of insoluble electrolyte, the larger the Ksp, the greater the S】
11 Precipitation dissolution equilibrium
1、单选题：
When IP = Ksp, the insoluble electrolyte
选项：
A: Solution unsaturated
B: Balance between precipitation and dissolution
C: The solution is supersaturated
D: Forms precipitation
答案: 【 Balance between precipitation and dissolution】
2、单选题：
The common ion effect makes the solubility of insoluble electrolytes
选项：
A: Reduce
B: Increase
C: Unchanged
D: Unable to judge
答案: 【 Reduce】
12 Formation and dissolution of precipitates
1、单选题：
In which condition will the insoluble electrolyte solution form precipitate?
选项：
A: IP = Ksp
B: IP < Ksp
C: IP > Ksp
D: Solution unsaturation
答案: 【 IP > Ksp】
2、单选题：
When 
of a certain concentration is mixed with NaI, if IP > Ksp , what will happen in the solution?
选项：
A: Generate precipitation
B: Redox reaction
C: No precipitation will be formed
D: Unable to judge
答案: 【 Generate precipitation】
13 Stepwise precipitation
1、单选题：
If two kinds of ions can form precipitates with the same precipitant, which one will precipitate first
选项：
A: with high solubility product
B: with large ion product
C: with high ion concentration
D: with the ion product first reaching the solubility product
答案: 【 with the ion product first reaching the solubility product】
2、单选题：
Which of the following is not related to the order of fractional precipitation?
选项：
A: Solubility product of insoluble electrolyte
B: ion concentration
C: Ion product of insoluble electrolyte
D: charge of ions
答案: 【 charge of ions】
14 Transformation of precipitation
1、单选题：
The Ksp of AgCl and AgI are 
and 
, respectively. If solid KI is added to the saturated solution of AgCl, then what will happen?
选项：
A: There is no obvious change
B: Precipitate black precipitate
C: Precipitate white precipitate
D: Precipitate yellow precipitate
答案: 【 Precipitate yellow precipitate】
2、单选题：
The Ksp of AgCl and AgI are and , respectively. Adding sufficient amount of KI to the solution containing AgCl solid, then what will happen?
选项：
A: There is no obvious change
B: part of AgCl wll transform into AgI
C: All of the AgCl transform into AgI
D: Unable to judge
答案: 【 All of the AgCl transform into AgI】
2 The theory of strong electrolyte solution - Ion Inter...
1、单选题：
The ones that make up the ionosphere are
选项：
A: Central ion and counter charge ion
B: Central ion and positively charged ion
C: Positively charged ion
D: Anti-charge ion
答案: 【 Central ion and counter charge ion】
2、单选题：
The measured dissociation degree of strong electrolyte solution is always
选项：
A: Equal to 100%
B: Greater than 100%
C: Less than 100%
D: Unable to determine
答案: 【 Less than 100%】
3 Activity and activity coefficient
1、单选题：
Which of the flowing statement about activity is correct?
选项：
A: Represents the effective concentration of ions
B: Activity is concentration
C: The activity is greater than the concentration
D: The dimension of activity is 1mol/L
答案: 【 Represents the effective concentration of ions】
2、单选题：
Which of the following statement about activity coefficient is wrong?
选项：
A: The activity coefficient is related to the concentration
B: The activity coefficient is related to the ion charge
C: The unit of activity coefficient is 1
D: The activity coefficient is usually greater than 1
答案: 【 The activity coefficient is usually greater than 1】
4 The relationship between activity coefficient and ionic ..
1、单选题：
For a given electrolyte, which of the following statement is correct?
选项：
A: The greater the ionic strength, the greater the activity coefficient.
B: The greater the ionic strength is, the smaller the activity coefficient is.
C: The smaller the ionic strength is, the smaller the activity coefficient is.
D: The greater the ionic strength, the greater the activity.
答案: 【 The greater the ionic strength is, the smaller the activity coefficient is.】
2、单选题：
The activity coefficient of ions in a solution has nothing to do with
选项：
A: Ion concentration
B: Ion activity
C: Ion charge
D: Ionic nature
答案: 【 Ionic nature】
5 Acid-base theory
1、单选题：
According to the proton theory of acid and base, acid is
选项：
A: A molecule or ion that can give protons.
B: A molecule or ion that can accept protons.
C: Proton receptor
D: Electron acceptor
答案: 【 A molecule or ion that can give protons.】
2、单选题：
In the proton transfer reaction, the direction of proton transfer is
选项：
A: Transfer from stronger acid to weaker base
B: Transfer from a stronger acid to a stronger base
C: Transfer from weaker acid to weaker base
D: Transfer from a weaker acid to a stronger base
答案: 【 Transfer from a stronger acid to a stronger base】
3、单选题：
According to the electron theory of acid and base, acid is
选项：
A: A molecule or ion that can give a pair of electrons
B: A molecule or ion that can accept electron pairs
C: Proton receptor
D: Electron donor
答案: 【 A molecule or ion that can accept electron pairs】
6 Dissociation equilibrium of weak electric solution
1、单选题：
In acid-base pairs with conjugated relationship, the relationship between Ka and Kb is
选项：
A: Ka·Kb > Kw
B: Ka·Kb < Kw
C: Ka·Kb= Kw
D: Ka = Kb
答案: 【 Ka·Kb= Kw 】
2、单选题：
The effect of common ion effect on the dissociation degree of weak electrolyte is
选项：
A: Increase
B: Unchanged
C: Decrease
D: Unable to judge
答案: 【 Decrease】
3、单选题：
The relationship between the common ion effect and the salt effect is
选项：
A: Both cannot exist at the same time
B: The effect of the common ion effect is always greater than that of the salt effect
C: Both of them can exist at the same time
D: The effect of the common ion effect is always less than that of the salt effect
答案: 【 Both of them can exist at the same time】
7 Calculation of pH value of monoprotic weak acid or monoaci
1、单选题：
The simplest formula for calculating the pH value of monoacidic weak acid solution does not need to satisfy
选项：
A: Kaca ≥20 Kw
B: ca/Ka ≥500
C: α < 5%
D: ca/Ka < 500
答案: 【 ca/Ka < 500】
2、单选题：
Add the same volume of water to 0.1 mol/L ammonia solution, then
选项：
A: [
] becomes half of the original
B: [
] becomes half of the original
C: pH increases
D: pH decreases
答案: 【 pH increases】
3、单选题：
In 0.1 mol/L NH4Cl solution, which of the following is true?
选项：
A: [
] > 0.1 mol/L
B: [] < 0.1 mol/L
C: [
] = 0.1 mol/L
D: [
] = 0.1 mol/L
答案: 【 [] < 0.1 mol/L】
8 Calculation of pH value of polyprotic weak acid or polyaci
1、单选题：
The simplest formula for calculating the pH value of polyacidic weak acid solution does not need to satisfy
选项：
A: Ka1ca ≥20 Kw
B: ca/Ka1 < 500
C: Ka1/Ka2 > 100
D: ca/Ka1 ≥ 500
答案: 【 ca/Ka1 < 500】
2、单选题：
In 0.1 mol/L Na2CO3 solution, which of the following is true?
选项：
A: [
] = 0.1 mol/L
B: [
] = 0.1 mol/L
C: There is a small amount of 
D: [
] = 0.1 mol/L
答案: 【 There is a small amount of 】
3、单选题：
In 
solution, which of the following is true?
选项：
A: There is no 
B: 
only comes from the dissociation of 
C: 
only comes from the dissociation of water
D: There is a small amount of 
答案: 【 There is a small amount of 】
9 Calculation of pH value of amphoteric substance solution
1、单选题：
The correct description of the acidity and basicity of amphoteric solution is
选项：
A: Acid
B: Neutral
C: Alkaline
D: It's all possible
答案: 【 It's all possible】
2、单选题：
When amphoteric substance is used as acid or base, the constants are Ka and Kb, respectively. When Ka > Kb, the property of the solution is
选项：
A: Acid
B: Alkaline
C: Neutral
D: Unable to judge
答案: 【 Acid】
Unit 2 lecture 4 Buffer solution speaker Wang Manjuan, Yan Jun
1 Buffer solution and its composition
1、单选题：
When two solutions (both concentrations are 0.10mol/L) are mixed by equal volume, which of the following composition cannot form a buffer solution?
选项：
A: HAc-NaAc
B: NH4Cl-NH3
C: HAc-NaOH
D: H3PO4-NaH2PO4
答案: 【 HAc-NaOH】
2、单选题：
According to the definition of buffer solution, the option that cannot form a buffer is
选项：
A: HCl
B: NaH2PO4
C: NaAc
D: NH4Cl-NH3
答案: 【 NaAc】
2 Buffering principle of buffer solution
1、单选题：
Which of the following options plays a role in resisting the addition of a small amount of strong acid in buffer solutions.
选项：
A: Anti-acid component
B: Anti-base component
C: Conjugated acid
D: Uncertain
答案: 【 Anti-acid component】
2、单选题：
The main reason why the buffer solution can keep the pH value basically unchanged is
选项：
A: Salt effect
B: Common ion effect
C: The existence of conjugated acid
D: The existence of conjugated bases
答案: 【 Common ion effect】
3 Calculation of pH value of buffer solution
1、单选题：
The [conjugated acid] in the formula for calculating the pH value of buffer solution refers to
选项：
A: The initial concentration of conjugated acid
B: The equilibrium concentration of conjugated acid
C: The initial activity of conjugated acid
D: The initial concentration of conjugated base
答案: 【 The equilibrium concentration of conjugated acid】
2、单选题：
There is an error between the calculated pH value of the buffer solution obtained by Henderson-Hansenbach formula and the actual measured pH value. The main factor that results this error is
选项：
A: Dissociation of water
B: Common ion effect
C: Salt effect
D: Ionic strength
答案: 【 Ionic strength】
4 Buffer capacity and buffer range
1、单选题：
Which of the following options is wrong about the buffer capacity β?
选项：
A: β can be positive or negative
B: The greater the β, the stronger the buffer capacity
C: β can only be positive, not negative
D: The value of β is related to the unit
答案: 【 β can be positive or negative】
2、单选题：
Which of the following has the strongest buffer capacity when both solutions are mixed with same volume?
选项：
A: 0.10 mol/L HAc + 0.10 mol/L NaAc
B: 0.30 mol/L HAc + 0.10 mol/L NaAc
C: 0.20 mol/L HAc + 0.20 mol/L NaAc
D: 0.10 mol/L HAc + 0.30 mol/L NaAc
答案: 【 0.20 mol/L HAc + 0.20 mol/L NaAc】
3、单选题：
Regarding the determination of the effective buffer range of the buffer solution, which of the following is not the factor we should consider
选项：
A: pH= pKa±1
B: The buffer ratio is between 0.1 and 10
C: Large buffer capacity
D: High total concentration
答案: 【 High total concentration】
5 Preparation of buffer solution
1、单选题：
To prepare a buffer solution with pH = 5.00, which of the following can be selected
选项：
A: HCOOH-HCOONa (pKa= 3.75)
B: HAc-NaAc (pKa= 4.75)
C: NH4Cl-NH3 (pKb= 4.75)
D: Lactic acid-sodium lactate (pKa= 3.86)
答案: 【 HAc-NaAc (pKa= 4.75)】
2、单选题：
Which of the following is a wrong description of the standard buffer solution
选项：
A: Stable in nature
B: Have a certain buffer capacity
C: Have a certain anti-dilution ability
D: Not affected by temperature
答案: 【 Not affected by temperature】
Unit 2 lecture 5 Chemical analysis (1) speaker He Yuewu, Xiang Juan
1 Overview of quantitative analysis
1、单选题：
1. Which of the following cannot be used to indicate the content of components to be tested in a liquid sample? ( )
选项：
A: Mass concentration
B: Volume fraction
C: The amount of matter
D: Mass fraction
答案: 【 The amount of matter】
2、单选题：
2. Which of the following methods is not commonly used to separate interfering components? ( )
选项：
A: Precipitation separation method
B: