MOOC Intercultural Communication 跨文化传播(暨南大学)1461539175 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

第一章单元测验

1、单选题：
​‎​What is NOT a reason mentioned in this course for studying intercultural communication?‎​以下哪一项不是本节课中提到的学习跨文化传播的原因？‎
选项：
A: To prepare for globalisation.为迎接全球化作准备。
B: To reduce tensions and conflicts.缓和全球紧张局势、减少冲突。
C: To assert personal and group identities.强调个性化与单个群体的特点。
D: To facilitate personal growth.促进个人成长。
答案: 【 To assert personal and group identities.强调个性化与单个群体的特点。】

2、单选题：
‎‎‎Which of the following developments is NOT an example that we are now living in a global village?‎‎以下哪一项不属于我们如今生活在地球村中的表现？‎
选项：
A: Increasing global mobility, such as migration and tourism, paradoxically consolidate local boundaries.不断增强的全球流动性（如移民和旅游业），反而增强了本地社群及其居民的的边界感
B: The developments of mass media and the Internet bring events from across the globe into our homes.大众媒介的发展——互联网将世界各地的新闻带给我们每一个人
C: Telecommunication Systems, including e-mail, texting, and social networking sites, connect people throughout the world via satellites and fibre optics.电信系统的发达——包括电子邮件、短信和社交网络，它们通过卫星系统和纤维光学将世界各地的人联系在一起
D: The transportation development has made Earth a smaller planet to inhabit.交通系统的发展将我们居住的地球变成一个更小的地方
答案: 【 Increasing global mobility, such as migration and tourism, paradoxically consolidate local boundaries.不断增强的全球流动性（如移民和旅游业），反而增强了本地社群及其居民的的边界感】

3、单选题：
‎‏‎A healthy community is  made up of individuals who:‏‎一个健康的社群成员主要包括以下哪一类人：‏
选项：
A:  Work for the benefit of just their groups.仅为自己所在群体的利益努力
B:  Try to eliminate their differences with each other.试图消除和其他群体之间的差异
C: Compete with each other to show that they are superior to others. 和他人相互竞争以彰显自己的优越之处
D: Work collectively for the benefit of everyone.为群体中所有人的利益共同奋斗
答案: 【 Work collectively for the benefit of everyone.为群体中所有人的利益共同奋斗】

4、单选题：
‍‏‍Which of the following is NOT a benefit of intercultural communication for personal growth?‏‍以下哪一项不属于跨文化交际对于个人成长的益处？‏
选项：
A:  Learn more about the way of life of other people in the world.了解更多世界上其他国家人群的生活方式
B: Be able to better empathise with other people.更能与他人产生共情
C: Recognise that people from different cultures do not have much in common.认为来自不同文化背景的人没有什么超越文化差异的共同之处
D: Develop a tolerance for difference.包容差异的能力更强
答案: 【 Recognise that people from different cultures do not have much in common.认为来自不同文化背景的人没有什么超越文化差异的共同之处】

5、单选题：
​‎​Which of the following cases is an example of failed intercultural communication?‎​以下哪一项是失败的跨文化交际的案例？‎
选项：
A: Spending a considerable amount of time to learn a second language.花时间详细学习另一门语言
B: Lowering your voice volume when speaking with people who speak softly.和说话语调较温和的人交谈时能够降低自己的音量
C: Observing the verbal and nonverbal response people give to you in intercultural communication.在跨文化交际的过程中观察对方传递给你的语言反应和非语言反应
D: Using the “thumb-up” gesture to communicate the meaning of “good job” in all intercultural context.在所有的跨文化语境中都使用竖起大拇指的手势来表示“做得不错”的意思
答案: 【 Using the “thumb-up” gesture to communicate the meaning of “good job” in all intercultural context.在所有的跨文化语境中都使用竖起大拇指的手势来表示“做得不错”的意思】

6、判断题：
​​​The term “globalisation”’ originally implied an emerging development, a work in progress, but now can be characterised as both an existing condition and a continuing dynamic.​​“全球化”一词最初描述一种新的发展模式、一项正在进行的工作，但现在可以被用来形容一种既存的状态，并保持着持续的活力。​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

7、判断题：
‎‌‎“Ko-ke-ko-le” (“可口可乐”) is a better Chinese translation of Coca Cola than “Ke-dou-ken-la” (“蝌蚪啃蜡”) because it is more phonetically equivalent to the English brand name than the other translation. ‌‎相较于“蝌蚪啃蜡”，“可口可乐”是对“coca cola”的更准确的翻译，这是因为它在音韵上比其他的翻译更贴近该产品的英文品牌名称。‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

8、判断题：
‎​‎International tensions in the world reduce the need for people to find new ways of cooperating and managing intercultural encounters.​‎世界紧张局势减少了人们寻求合作、寻求跨文化交际新方式的需求。​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

9、判断题：
​​​The big challenge we face now is how migrants and locals can work together to promote a genuine and healthy community.​​我们现如今面临的巨大挑战是移居者和当地人如何努力共创一个真正健康的社群。​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

10、判断题：
‏‏‏Since most skills and knowledge about intercultural communication come from lived experience, they cannot be learned.‏‏既然关于跨文化交际中的大多数技巧和知识来自于现实的实践与体验中，那么它们就是无法被习得的。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

11、判断题：
‌‏‌While intercultural communication often leads to misunderstanding and conflict, it also paves the way to personal, local, and global changes, growth, and innovation.‏‌虽然跨文化交际可能会导致误解和冲突，但它同时也有助于个人、地方以及全球范围内的变革、增长和创新发展。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

12、判断题：
‍‎‍Observing the lives of others helps us understand how we conduct our own lives.‎‍当观察别人的生活时，我们开始了解自己是如何生活的。‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

单元测验

1、单选题：
‌What is culture, according to studies of intercultural communication?‍‌根据跨文化传播研究，什么是文化？‍
选项：
A: Things in society that are considered classical, supreme, and of high value, such as the fine arts and classical music.社会中那些被看作是经典的、卓越的、具有较高价值的东西，如高雅艺术和古典音乐
B: Events in society that bear collective significant, such as festivals, commemorations and sports events.具有集体意义的社会活动，如节日、纪念仪式和体育竞技赛事等
C: The place where cultural events take places, such as theatre, national gallery or the street.  文化事件发生的场所，如电影院、国家美术馆或街头
D: The particular way of life that defines the people who follow it.独特的生活方式将定义采取这种生活方式的群体
答案: 【 The particular way of life that defines the people who follow it.独特的生活方式将定义采取这种生活方式的群体】

2、单选题：
‌​‌Which of the following statements about the sharedness of culture is FALSE?​‌以下哪一项关于文化共享性的说法是错误的？​
选项：
A: That all humans eat, sleep and laugh is a proof for the sharedness of culture.所有人都需要吃饭、睡觉、大笑是文化共享性的证据
B: Culture is group-based; it is not an individual property.文化是基于群体存在的，并非是个人财产
C: Culture does not determine how individual behave and act.文化不能决定个人行为和表现
D: The sharedness of culture enables individuals within a group to predict how other members of their group are likely to behave.文化共享性让群体内的个人能够预测群体内其他人可能会如何表现
答案: 【 That all humans eat, sleep and laugh is a proof for the sharedness of culture.所有人都需要吃饭、睡觉、大笑是文化共享性的证据】

3、单选题：
‌Which of the following examples is NOT a cultural symbol?‏‌以下哪一项不属于文化表征的例子？‏‌‏
选项：
A: A lightning bolt that signals the incoming storm.闪电预示着即将到来的暴风雨
B: A national flag that symbolises national pride and identity.象征着国家自豪感和认同感的国旗
C: A bow people exchange when greeting.人们相互问候时鞠躬的动作
D: The formal suit your wear for an interview.你为一次面试所穿的正装
答案: 【 A lightning bolt that signals the incoming storm.闪电预示着即将到来的暴风雨】

4、单选题：
‏Which of the following behaviours belongs to informal cultural learning?‍‏以下哪一项行为属于非正式文化学习？‍
选项：
A:  Attending primary schools.上小学
B: Internship in a securities firm.在一家证券公司实习
C: Chat with your grandmother and learn about her life stories.和你的奶奶交谈，并了解她的人生故事
D: Visiting museums and galleries.参观博物馆和美术馆
答案: 【 Chat with your grandmother and learn about her life stories.和你的奶奶交谈，并了解她的人生故事】

5、单选题：
‎Which of the following cases is NOT an example of cultural diffusion?‌‎以下哪一项不是文化传播的案例？‌
选项：
A: The reproduction of Western hospital and medical systems in non-Western nations.非西方国家中西式医院及其医疗系统
B:  The invention of the electric bulb by Thomas Edison.托马斯·爱迪生的电灯泡的发明
C:  Islamic expansions in the Early Middle Ages.中世纪早期伊斯兰帝国的扩张
D: The spread of Chinese paper and gunpowder to Western Europe.中国的纸张和火药向西欧传播
答案: 【  The invention of the electric bulb by Thomas Edison.托马斯·爱迪生的电灯泡的发明】

6、单选题：
‍‌‍Which of the following examples is a social organisation?‌‍以下哪一项是社会组织的例子？‌
选项：
A: The court法庭
B: Marriage婚姻
C: The media system媒介系统
D: All A, B and C are social organisations.A,B和C都属于社会组织
答案: 【 All A, B and C are social organisations.A,B和C都属于社会组织】

7、单选题：
​‏​Which of the following is NOT an element of culture?‏​以下哪一项不是文化的组成要素？‏
选项：
A: Values价值观
B: Language语言
C: Human intelligence人的智力
D: History历史
答案: 【 Human intelligence人的智力】

8、单选题：
‏‍‏Which of the following statements is NOT a function of communication?‍‏以下哪一项不属于传播的功能？‍
选项：
A: Communication helps fulfil interpersonal needs传播帮助个人满足其需求
B: Communication eliminates cultural differences传播消除文化差异
C: Communication establishes identities传播建立起认同感
D: Communication assists in person perception传播帮助提高个人感知能力
答案: 【 Communication eliminates cultural differences传播消除文化差异】

9、单选题：
​​​What do we mean by saying that communication is dynamic?​​“传播过程是动态的”，这句话的意思指的是什么？​
选项：
A: Communication is an ongoing process, one message is immediately replaced by another in temporal orders.传播是一个持续进行的过程，一条消息发出后会按照时间顺序被另一条取代
B: In communication, we use symbols to represent things we refer to.在传播过程中，我们使用象征符指代我们想表达的内容
C: Communication does not occur in a vacuum. The form it takes depends on the situation in which it occurs.传播行为并非发生在真空中，它所采用的形式取决于它发生时的具体情境
D: We can think and reflect on our communication. 我们可以思考和反思传播过程
答案: 【 Communication is an ongoing process, one message is immediately replaced by another in temporal orders.传播是一个持续进行的过程，一条消息发出后会按照时间顺序被另一条取代】

10、单选题：
‏‏‏Which of the following cases is an example of the habitual consequence of communication?‏‏以下哪一项是传播惯性后果的例子？‏
选项：
A: You acquire your gender role without noticing where they come from.你接纳了自己的性别角色，但并不知道这种角色源自哪里
B: You hear someone saying something. You think about it, without responding outwardly.你听到有人说了话，你可以思考它，但无需作外在回应
C: If someone asks you directions to the library, your response may be, “It’s on your right.”如果有人问你图书馆的方向，你的回答可能是：“它在你的右边。”
D: The change of your heart rate and skin temperature during the communication.传播过程中你的心率和皮肤温度的变化
答案: 【 You acquire your gender role without noticing where they come from.你接纳了自己的性别角色，但并不知道这种角色源自哪里】

11、单选题：
‎‌‎When we say that “once you hit the send button, there is no way to retrieve it”, we mean that:‌‎当我们说“一旦你按下发送键，就没有撤回的机会了”这句话，意思是：‌
选项：
A: Communication is dynamic传播是持续不断的
B: Communication is self-reflective传播是能够自我折射的
C: Communication is irreversible传播进程是不可逆的
D: Communication is symbolic传播是一种象征行为
答案: 【 Communication is irreversible传播进程是不可逆的】

12、单选题：
‍‎‍Which of the following things can serve as intrinsic motivation to the studies of intercultural communication?‎‍以下哪一项是进行跨文化传播研究的内在动因？‎
选项：
A: Economic benefits经济利益
B: Career advancement职业晋升
C: Alternative insights about people and the world关于人类和世界的另一种视角
D: Broader interpersonal network更广阔的的个人社交网络
答案: 【 Alternative insights about people and the world关于人类和世界的另一种视角】

13、单选题：
‎‍‎What is a cultural general approach to the studies of intercultural communication?‍‎什么是跨文化传播研究的一般方法？‍
选项：
A: You learn the universal influences of culture on human behaviours.你可以习得文化对于人类行为的普遍影响
B: You study one culture at a time.你可以一次性学习一种文化
C: You pay attention to all the elements and aspects of the culture/cultures you learn.你会关注你所学习的所有文化的全部要素和方方面面
D: You focus on the “deep structure” of culture in your learning.你关注于你正在学习的文化的深层次结构
答案: 【 You learn the universal influences of culture on human behaviours.你可以习得文化对于人类行为的普遍影响】

14、单选题：
‎‏‎What intercultural skills we are talking about when we say that one needs to “dance to the tune that is played”?‏‎当我们说一个人应该“随着节奏起舞”的时候，指的是何种跨文化交流的技巧？‏
选项：
A: Intercultural listening skill.跨文化中的倾听技能
B: Communication flexibility.沟通的灵活性
C: Ambiguity tolerance skill.含糊的、包容的技巧
D: Nonverbal communication skill.非语言传播技巧
答案: 【 Communication flexibility.沟通的灵活性】

15、单选题：
​‎​What should you do if you find the other people’s behaviours ambiguous and confusing in intercultural communication?‎​如果在跨文化交流的过程中你发现其他人的行为是模棱两可的、令你困惑的，你应该怎么做？‎​‎
选项：
A: Ask people to clarify what they mean by their behaviours every time you find them confusing.每次你感觉困惑的时候就询问他人，搞清楚他们的行为是什么意思
B: Ignore what confuses you and go on with your own ways.忽视这些困惑，继续以自己的方式进行
C: Try to make sense of their behaviours using your own cultural repertoire.尝试用自己的文化语库弄明白他人的行为
D: Suspend your judgement about the behaviours that confuses you, while observing carefully to understand the cultural meaning and mechanisms behind these behaviours.暂停对让你感到困惑的行为的判断，同时仔细观察以了解这些行为背后的文化含义和机制
答案: 【 Suspend your judgement about the behaviours that confuses you, while observing carefully to understand the cultural meaning and mechanisms behind these behaviours.暂停对让你感到困惑的行为的判断，同时仔细观察以了解这些行为背后的文化含义和机制】

16、判断题：
‍‍‍You cannot learn about your culture without communication.‍‍没有沟通将无法了解自己所处的文化。‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

17、判断题：
‌‎‌You can identify the culture difference between people by observing how they use language.‎‌你可以通过观察人们使用语言的方式来识别人与人之间的文化差异。‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

18、判断题：
‌‍‌Metropolitan cities have more culture than small towns.‍‌大城市比小城镇具有更多样的文化。‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

19、判断题：
​​​Symbols have inherent connections to the things they refer to.​​符号与它们所指的事物有着内在的联系。​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

20、判断题：
‌​‌Although most cultures are learned, some elements of culture are innate.​‌尽管大多数文化是习得的，但文化的某些要素是与生俱来的。​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

21、判断题：
‎‏‎In many cases, Religion influences the entire system of culture.‏‎在很多情况下，宗教会影响整个文化体系。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

22、判断题：
‎‏‎Learning to use a language simultaneously involves learning the culture.‏‎学习一种语言涉及学习相应的文化。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

23、判断题：
‎‎‎Introverted persons who find greater pleasure in solitude do not have interpersonal needs.‎‎内向的人往往在独处时感到更加快乐，并没有人际交往的需要。‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

24、判断题：
‍‏‍Self-reflection only occurs in special moments of our lives, such as when we meditate, pray or write a diary.‏‍自省只会发生在我们生活中的特殊时刻，例如沉思，祈祷或写日记时。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

25、判断题：
‌‏‌Setting and environment shape the meaning you give to the symbols that you receive.‏‌环境形塑了您对所接受的符号的含义。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

26、判断题：
‌​‌You are both a participant and an observer the communication you take part.​‌您沟通交流的同时既是参与者又是观察者。​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

27、判断题：
‏‏‏Knowing the world better and considering the possibilities of human lives can be an intrinsic motivation to learn intercultural communication.‏‏更好地了解世界并思考人类生活的可能性可能是学习跨文化交流的一种内在动力。‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

28、判断题：
​‎​The cultural specific approach is superior to the cultural general approach because there is no universal traits and influences that can be transferred from culture to culture.‎​坚持文化特殊性的方法优于文化一般性的方法，因为没有可以从一种文化转移到另一种文化的普遍特征和影响。‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

29、判断题：
‎‍‎We should tolerate the ambiguity and confusion that usually accompany intercultural communication.‍‎我们应该接受跨文化交流中伴随的模棱两可和令人迷惑之处。‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

30、判断题：
‎‌‎You should converse slowly and softly when engaging with people who speak loudly and fast. ‌‎与说话大声而快速的人沟通时，你应把语速放轻放缓。‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

第三章单元测验

1、单选题：
‌What is “concept or idea that an individual or a group holds as true” in intercultural communication?‌‌‌‌在跨文化交流中，“一个人或一个团体拥有真实的概念或观念”是什么？‌
选项：
A: Worldview世界观
B: Belief信仰
C: History历史
D: Religion宗教
答案: 【 Belief信仰】

2、单选题：
‌Which of the following cases does NOT reflect the significance of value in culture?‏‌‏‌以下哪个案例中没有反映出文化价值的重要性？‏
选项：
A: People form social organisations as a means of survival人们组成社会组织作为生存的手段。
B: Japan is a large nation for the consumption of whale meat, while eating whale meat is strictly prohibited in Australia.日本是消费鲸鱼肉的大国，而在澳大利亚则严格禁止食用鲸鱼肉。
C: You carefully dress up in front of a mirror before attending a ball.参加舞会之前，您会在镜子前精心打扮。
D: In China and South Korea, lighter skin is considered a sign of beauty, while suntanned skin connotes a lower social status.在中国和韩国，较浅的皮肤被认为是美丽的标志，而被晒黑的皮肤则意味着较低的社会地位。
答案: 【 People form social organisations as a means of survival人们组成社会组织作为生存的手段。】

3、单选题：
‍Which of the following statements is NOT a feature of cultural pattern?‏‍以下哪个论述不是文化模式的特征？‏
选项：
A: Cultural patterns are integrated.文化模式是整合的。
B: Cultural patterns are dynamic.文化模式是动态的。
C: Cultural patterns are coherent and consistent.文化模式是连贯且一致的。
D:  Cultural patterns do not determine your thoughts and behaviour.文化模式并不能决定你的想法和行为。
答案: 【 Cultural patterns are coherent and consistent.文化模式是连贯且一致的。】

4、单选题：
‌For Edward Hall, “cultural context” is:‌‌‌‌爱德华·霍尔提出的“文化语境”指的是：‌‌‌
选项：
A: The emotional connection between people when they communicate.人与人之间交流时的情感联系。
B: The “essence” or “spirit” of a culture.一种文化的“本质”或“精神”。
C: Information that surrounds an event.围绕事件的信息。
D: The geographic and socio-economic condition of culture.文化的地域和社会经济条件。
答案: 【 Information that surrounds an event.围绕事件的信息。】

5、单选题：
‏In comparison to that with family members, communication with strangers tend to be:‏‏‏‏与家人相比，与陌生人的交流倾向于：‏‏‏
选项：
A: Long-term oriented长期导向
B: Low context低语境
C: High context高语境
D: High power distance高权力距离
答案: 【 Low context低语境】

6、单选题：
‌People in high-context cultures can correctly decode the meaning of silence because‍‌‍‌高语境文化中的人们可以正确地解码沉默的含义，这是因为‍‌‍
选项：
A: Silence has no meaning in high-context communication.沉默在高语境交流中毫无意义
B: Silence has an exact meaning in each culture.沉默在每种文化中都有确切的含义。
C: People generally speak slowly and softly in high-context cultures.在高语境文化中，人们通常会缓慢而轻柔地讲话。
D: People in high-context cultures can identify the context of silence.高语境文化中的人们可以判断沉默的语境。
答案: 【 People in high-context cultures can identify the context of silence.高语境文化中的人们可以判断沉默的语境。】

7、单选题：
‍Which of the following statements is NOT a component of individualism culture?‌‍‌‍以下哪项陈述不属于个人主义文化？‌
选项：
A: Interpersonal relations are divided into in-group and out-group relations.人际关系分为内群体和外群体的关系。
B: Independence, rather than interdependence, is stressed.强调独立而不是相互依存。
C: The uniqueness of each individual is of paramount value.每个人的独特性都是至关重要的。
D: The individual is the most critical unit in any social setting.个人是任何社会环境中最关键的部分。
答案: 【 Interpersonal relations are divided into in-group and out-group relations.人际关系分为内群体和外群体的关系。】

8、单选题：
‌Communication in collectivist cultures tends to be high-context, because:‏‌‏‌集体主义文化中的交流往往是高语境的，因为：‏
选项：
A: People in collectivist cultures are more diversified.在集体主义文化中人们更多样化。
B: People in collectivist cultures rely more on oral and written communication.在集体主义文化中人们更依赖于口头和书面交流。
C: People in collectivist cultures place more emphasis on interpersonal harmony.在集体主义文化中人们更重视人际和谐。
D: Individual interests take precedence over those of the group.个人利益优先于群体利益。
答案: 【 People in collectivist cultures place more emphasis on interpersonal harmony.在集体主义文化中人们更重视人际和谐。】

9、单选题：
‍Which of the following characteristics is a feature of low-uncertainty-avoidance culture?​‍​‍以下那个选项是低不确定性规避文化的特征？​
选项：
A:  People believe that life carries the potential for continual hazards.人们相信生活具有持续危害的可能性。
B: Written rules, planning, rituals, and conventions are emphasised.强调书面规则，计划，仪式和惯例。
C: People tend to have relatively high levels of anxiety and stress about the future.人们往往有较高水平的对未来的焦虑和压力。
D: People dislike the structure associated with the hierarchy.人们不喜欢与阶层相关联的结构。
答案: 【 People dislike the structure associated with the hierarchy.人们不喜欢与阶层相关联的结构。】

10、单选题：
​A person displays traits of high-uncertainty avoidance if she:‍​一个人在以下情况下会表现出高度不确定性回避的特征：‍
选项：
A: Embraces social and cultural changes.拥抱社会和文化变革
B: Feels less constrained by social rules.较少受到社会规则的束缚
C: Is interested in the unusual, peculiar and new things.对不寻常，奇特和新事物感兴趣
D: Emphasises tradition and consensus. 强调传统和共识
答案: 【 Emphasises tradition and consensus. 强调传统和共识】

11、单选题：
‏Which of the following characteristics is a feature of a low-power-distance country?​‏​‏以下哪个特征是低权力距离国家的特征？​
选项：
A: The use of formal title is prevalent. 正式头衔的使用很普遍。
B: Superiors want to look less powerful than they really are.上级希望自己看起来没有实际的强大。
C: Children are expected to be obedient toward parents.孩子们应该听父母的话。
D: People believe that that power and authority are facts of life.人们相信权力和权威是生活的事实。
答案: 【 Superiors want to look less powerful than they really are.上级希望自己看起来没有实际的强大。】

12、单选题：
‍The terms “masculinity” and “femininity” used by Hofstede is referred to by other scholars as‍‍‍‍霍夫斯泰德提出的“男性气质”和“女性气质”被其他学者称为‍
选项：
A: Career success and quality of life事业成功和生活质量
B: Authority and egalitarianism权威与平均主义
C: Long-term oriented and short-term oriented长期导向和短期导向
D: Material achievement and spirituality物质成就和精神性
答案: 【 Career success and quality of life事业成功和生活质量】

13、单选题：
‍Norway and Sweden are two nations at the top of Hofstede’s femininity ratings because