绪论 单元测试

1、判断题:
物理化学是从物质的物理现象和化学现象的联系入手,用物理学和数学的原理和方法来研究化学变化的基本规律的学科。
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

第一章 单元测试

1、判断题:
在热力学中,标准态是指压力为100 kPa,温度为298.15 K时物质所处的状态。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

2、判断题:
等压不做非膨胀功条件下,,所以,是特定条件下的状态函数。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

3、判断题:
系统的状态函数改变后,系统的状态就改变。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

4、判断题:
实际气体经过一个不可逆循环后,其热力学能可能增加、减少或不变。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

5、判断题:
无论是否为恒压过程, 不做非膨胀功条件下,理想气体的焓变都可用公式 .w64941716628s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716628s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716628s .font0 { font-size: 205px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716628s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 260px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716628s .font2 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716628s .font3 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716628s .font4 { font-size: 530px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716628s .font5 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } 2 1 T p T HCdT D= ò 来计算。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

6、单选题:
1mol理想气体A,分别经两条不同的途径I和II,从初态A变到终态B,则下列关系式中正确的是( )
选项:
A:
B:
C:
D:
答案: 【

7、单选题:
关系式pVγ=常数,只适用于( )
选项:
A:理想气体的绝热可逆过程
B:理想气体的可逆过程
C:理想气体的绝热过程
D:任何气体的绝热可逆过程
答案: 【理想气体的绝热可逆过程

8、单选题:
已知某温度下反应A2(g)+B2(s)=2AB(g)的等压反应热为 -92.5 kJ·mol-1,则反应的等容反应热( )
选项:
A:小于
B:大于
C:等于
D:不能确定
答案: 【小于

9、单选题:
对理想气体而言,下列关系式中不正确的是( )
选项:
A:.w64941716629s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716629s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716629s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 16; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716629s .font0 { font-style: italic; font-size: 262px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716629s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716629s .font2 { font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716629s .font3 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716629s .font4 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } T V U ) ( ¶ ¶ =0
B:.w64941716631s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716631s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716631s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 16; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716631s .font0 { font-style: italic; font-size: 262px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716631s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716631s .font2 { font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716631s .font3 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716631s .font4 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } T P U ) ( ¶ ¶ =0
C:.w64941716626s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716626s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716626s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 16; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716626s .font0 { font-style: italic; font-size: 262px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716626s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716626s .font2 { font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716626s .font3 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716626s .font4 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } V T U ) ( ¶ ¶ =0
D:
答案: 【.w64941716626s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716626s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716626s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 16; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716626s .font0 { font-style: italic; font-size: 262px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716626s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716626s .font2 { font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716626s .font3 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716626s .font4 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } V T U ) ( ¶ ¶ =0

10、单选题:
把卡诺热机倒开,就变成致冷机,当 时,致冷机的冷冻系数等于( )
选项:
A:.w64941716624s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716624s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716624s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 19; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716624s .font0 { font-size: 260px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716624s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716624s .font2 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716624s .font3 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } 2 21 T TT -
B:.w64941716627s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716627s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716627s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 19; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716627s .font0 { font-size: 260px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716627s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716627s .font2 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716627s .font3 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } 1 21 T TT -
C:.w64941716625s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716625s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716625s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 19; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716625s .font0 { font-size: 260px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716625s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716625s .font2 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716625s .font3 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } 21 2 TT T -
D:.w64941716630s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716630s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716630s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 19; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716630s .font0 { font-size: 260px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716630s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716630s .font2 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716630s .font3 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } 21 1 TT T -
答案: 【.w64941716627s .brush0 { fill: rgb(255,255,255); } .w64941716627s .pen0 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 1; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716627s .pen1 { stroke: rgb(0,0,0); stroke-width: 19; stroke-linejoin: round; } .w64941716627s .font0 { font-size: 260px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716627s .font1 { font-style: italic; font-size: 406px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; } .w64941716627s .font2 { font-size: 373px; font-family: Symbol, serif; } .w64941716627s .font3 { font-weight: bold; font-size: 76px; font-family: System, sans-serif; } 1 21 T TT -

第二章 单元测试

1、单选题:
在相同热源之间工作的两个可逆热机,一个以空气作为工作物质,另一个以理想气体作为工作物质,两者相比较,转换系数的关系是( )
选项:
A:前者大于后者
B:无法比较
C:前者小于后者
D:相等
答案: 【相等

2、单选题:
对于孤立体系中发生的实际过程,下式中不正确的是( )
选项:
A:dS
B:W
C:
D:Q
答案: 【

3、单选题:
在标准压力下,90℃的液态水气化为90℃的水蒸汽,系统的熵变为( )
选项:
A:
B:无法确定
C:
D:
答案: 【

4、单选题:
298 K时,1 mol 理想气体等温可逆膨胀,体积从2.5 dm3变到25 dm3 ,系统的Gibbs自由能的变化值为( )
选项:
A:-5.70 kJ
B:5.70 kJ
C:0.04 kJ
D:-12.4 kJ
答案: 【-5.70 kJ

5、单选题:
在封闭系统中,若某过程的,应满足的条件是( )
选项:
A:等温、等容、可逆过程
B:等温、等压、可逆过程
C:等容、可逆过程
D:等温、可逆过程
答案: 【等温、可逆过程

6、多选题:
氢气进行不可逆循环,则有( )。
选项:
A:
B:
C:
D:
答案: 【;

7、判断题:
自发过程一定是不可逆的,所以不可逆过程一定是自发的。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

8、判断题:
空调、冰箱可以把热从低温热源吸出、放给高温热源,这是与热力学第二定律矛盾的!( )
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【

9、判断题:
熵是过程量,是广度性质。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

10、判断题:
理想气体向真空膨胀是绝热过程,它的ΔS可通过设计一个在相同的始态和终态下的绝热可逆过程来计算。( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【

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