MOOC Metabolic Biochemistry（代谢生物化学）(南京大学)1465365161 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

Self Test of Chapter 1

1、单选题：
​Which of the following description about metabolism is correct:‏
选项：
A: It's a fundamental feature of life
B: It only includes material metabolism, the change of energy is not involved
C: The virus can also metabolize normally outside the host cell
D: All the steps of the catabolic pathway are exergonic
答案: 【 It's a fundamental feature of life】

2、单选题：
‍In which step of the cellular reactions can the energy released be converted into the universal energy currency ATP?‏
选项：
A: Proteins are hydrolyzed into amino acids
B: Glycogen is phosphorolyzed into glucose phosphate
C: Glucose is converted into pyruvate
D: Fat is hydrolyzed into glycerol and fatty acids
答案: 【 Glucose is converted into pyruvate】

3、单选题：
‏The metabolic pathway existing in almost all living things on earth is:​
选项：
A: synthesis and decomposition of glycogen
B: glycolysis
C: the tricarboxylic acid cycle
D: Biosynthesis of lysine
答案: 【 glycolysis】

4、单选题：
‌The metabolic pathway that all cells in the body have is:‏
选项：
A: glycolysis
B: β-oxidation of fatty acid
C: the tricarboxylic acid cycle
D: lactic acid fermentation
答案: 【 glycolysis】

5、单选题：
​The speed-limiting step of a metabolic pathway must be​
选项：
A: first step
B: last step
C: reversible reaction
D: irreversible reaction
答案: 【 irreversible reaction】

6、多选题：
‎The metabolic pathway associated with mitochondria is‌
选项：
A: the TCA cycle
B: glycolysis
C: the urea cycle
D: de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides
答案: 【 the TCA cycle;
the urea cycle;
de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides】

7、多选题：
‍The metabolic pathways that remain in the mature erythrocytes of mammals are:‍
选项：
A: glycolysis
B: the TCA cycle
C: fatty acid biosynthesis
D: pentose phosphate pathway, PPP
答案: 【 glycolysis;
pentose phosphate pathway, PPP】

8、多选题：
‌The radioactive isotopes are:​
选项：
A: 15N
B: 14C
C: 3H
D: 18O
答案: 【 14C;
3H】

9、多选题：
‎Brain and liver cells have different:‌
选项：
A: genome
B: transcriptome
C: proteomic
D: metabolomic
答案: 【 transcriptome;
proteomic;
metabolomic】

10、多选题：
‌Methods of studying metabolome include:‏
选项：
A: two-dimensional electrophoresis
B: mass spectrometry
C: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
D: capillary electrophoresis
答案: 【 mass spectrometry;
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR);
capillary electrophoresis】

11、判断题：
‌All chemical reactions in the body are catalyzed by enzymes.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

12、判断题：
‎At least one step of a metabolic pathway is irreversible.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

13、判断题：
‎The oxygen that the aerobic organism takes in ends up being eventually the oxygen in the carbon dioxide and leave the system‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

14、判断题：
​An irreversible reaction in an organism is irreversible because the enzyme that catalyzes it catalyzes only the forward reaction and not the reverse reaction‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

15、判断题：
​The metabolome includes not only biological small molecules but also various biological macromolecules‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Self Test of Chapter 10

1、单选题：
‌The oxidation of fatty acid is mainly‍
选项：
A: α-oxidation
B: β-oxidation
C: δ-oxidation
D: ω-oxidation
答案: 【 β-oxidation】

2、单选题：
‍The β-oxidation of eukaryotic fatty acids occurs mainly in ‎
选项：
A: cytoplasmic matrix
B: mitochondria
C: peroxisome
D: endoplasmic reticulum
答案: 【 mitochondria】

3、单选题：
‌Activation of short-chain fatty acids occurs in‎
选项：
A: cytoplasmic matrix
B: intermembrane space of mitochondria
C: mitochoondrial matrix
D: peroxisome
答案: 【 mitochoondrial matrix】

4、单选题：
‌Biosynthesis of fatty acids occurs in ‏
选项：
A: mitochondria
B: cytoplasmic matrix
C: endoplasmic reticulum
D: peroxisome
答案: 【 cytoplasmic matrix】

5、单选题：
‌Inhibitors of fatty acid β-oxidation are‏
选项：
A: acetyl CoA
B: Palmityl CoA
C: Malonyl CoA
D: Propionyl CoA
答案: 【 Malonyl CoA】

6、多选题：
‍Which of the following is true in both fatty acids β-oxidation and the TCA cycle?‏
选项：
A: It can only happen in mitochondria.
B: Coenzyme I is needed.
C: FAD is required.
D: Can only occur in the presence of oxygen.
答案: 【 Coenzyme I is needed.;
FAD is required.;
Can only occur in the presence of oxygen.】

7、多选题：
‏In plant cells, fatty acids β-oxidation may occurs in ‍
选项：
A: endoplasmic reticulum
B: mitochondria
C: peroxisome
D: glyoxysome
答案: 【 mitochondria;
peroxisome;
glyoxysome】

8、多选题：
‌The fatty acids can be synthesized in animal cells are ‍
选项：
A: Palmitic acid
B: Stearic acid
C: Linoleic acid
D: Myristic acid
答案: 【 Palmitic acid;
Stearic acid;
Myristic acid】

9、多选题：
‏The enzymes that consumes ATP during catalysis are‎
选项：
A: acyl-CoA synthetase
B: citrate lyase
C: acetyl-CoA carboxylase
D: AMPK
答案: 【 acyl-CoA synthetase;
citrate lyase;
acetyl-CoA carboxylase;
AMPK】

10、多选题：
‌Mammalian fatty acid synthase has the enzyme activities of ‎
选项：
A: hydrolase
B: transferase
C: dehydrase
D: ACP
答案: 【 hydrolase;
transferase;
dehydrase】

11、判断题：
‎The red blood cells can also use ketone bodies as energy source.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

12、判断题：
‍ACC1 is activated after phosphorlation.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

13、判断题：
‌The ketone body can be synthesized and consumed by hepatocytes.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

14、判断题：
‌Ketone bodies include acetoacetic acid, L-β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

15、判断题：
‏Fatty acid synthesis is needed in all living organisms. ‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

Self Test of Chapter 11

1、单选题：
​Cholesterol is synthesized directly from ​
选项：
A: acetyl-CoA
B: propionyl-CoA
C: butyryl-CoA
D: pyruvate
答案: 【 acetyl-CoA】

2、单选题：
‏The type of cells that has the most active cholesterol synthesis in human is‏
选项：
A: muscle cells
B: hepatocytes
C: intestinal epithelial cells
D: brain cells
答案: 【 hepatocytes】

3、单选题：
‌The lipoproteins that transport cholesterol from food to liver cells are‎
选项：
A: CM
B: LDL
C: VLDL
D: HDL
答案: 【 CM】

4、单选题：
​The lipoprotein that has the lowest density is‌
选项：
A: CM
B: VLDL
C: LDL
D: HDL
答案: 【 CM】

5、单选题：
​The lipoprotein that contains bad cholesterol is‏
选项：
A: CM
B: LDL
C: HDL
D: VLDL
答案: 【 LDL】

6、多选题：
‍Cholesterol synthesis occurs in‍
选项：
A: cytoplasmic matrix
B: endoplasmic reticulum    
C: nucleus
D: mitochondria
答案: 【 cytoplasmic matrix;
endoplasmic reticulum    】

7、多选题：
‏The rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol synthesis are‏
选项：
A: HMG-CoA synthase
B: HMG-CoA reductase
C: HMG-CoA lyase
D: squalene monooxygenase
答案: 【 HMG-CoA reductase;
squalene monooxygenase】

8、多选题：
‌Biomolecules derived from cholesterol include:​
选项：
A: vitamin D
B: bile acid
C: androgen
D: choline
答案: 【 vitamin D;
bile acid;
androgen】

9、多选题：
‏What is formed in both cholesterol and ketone body synthesis?‌
选项：
A: Acetoacetyl-CoA
B: HMG-CoA
C: Mevalonic acid
D: Isoprene
答案: 【 Acetoacetyl-CoA;
HMG-CoA】

10、多选题：
‎Lipoproteins secreted directly by liver cells are:‏
选项：
A: CM
B: HDL
C: VLDL
D: LDL
答案: 【 HDL;
VLDL】

11、判断题：
‍The rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis is HMG-CoA synthase.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

12、判断题：
‎Cholesterol can be completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water when energy is lacking in vivo.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

13、判断题：
‍The higher activatity of PCSK9 a person has,  the more likely he/she is to develop cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

14、判断题：
​To synthesize one molecule of cholesterol consumes 18 molecules of acetyl-CoA.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

15、判断题：
‏HMG-CoA reductase is an membrane-intercelated protein.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

Self Test of Chapter 12

1、单选题：
‏For the regulation GS of E.coli, it is covalently modified by ‏
选项：
A: phosphorylation
B: uridylation
C: adenylation
D: N-acetylation
答案: 【 adenylation】

2、单选题：
‌What is the main destination of ammonia in the brain?​
选项：
A: Glutamine synthesis
B: Urea synthesis
C: Diffusion into the blood
D: Purine synthesis
答案: 【 Glutamine synthesis】

3、单选题：
‏The function of alanine-glucose cycle is ​
选项：
A: to accelerate the conversion of amino acids to carbonhydrate.
B: to promote ornithine cycle.
C: to accelerate the conversion of amino acids into fat.
D: to promote amino acid oxidation for energy supply.
答案: 【 to promote ornithine cycle.】

4、单选题：
​The rate