MOOC Engineering Ethics(Zhejiang University)1463240165 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

Approaches of Engineering Ethics

1、单选题：
‎Given that factual problems have no solutions, what issues we sometimes have to identify?‏
选项：
A: Ethical issues
B: Conceptual issues
C: Theoretical issues
D: Normative issues
答案: 【 Conceptual issues】

2、单选题：
‍What should be accurate about a concept when defining it?​
选项：
A: Target
B: Extension
C: Scope
D: Connotation
答案: 【 Connotation】

3、单选题：
​Between what does the line drawing method look for the basic position of a feature?‏
选项：
A: Facts
B: Concepts
C: Problems
D: Extremes
答案: 【 Extremes】

4、单选题：
‎To use which of the following utilitarian methods of reasoning must both negative and positive utility be converted into money?‍
选项：
A: The behavioral utilitarian approach
B: The cost-benefit utilitarian approach
C: The rule utilitarianism approach
D: The obligation utilitarianism approach
答案: 【 The cost-benefit utilitarian approach】

5、多选题：
​What values require people to regard every individual as a moral subject?​
选项：
A: Freedom
B: Honesty
C: Fairness
D: Justice
答案: 【 Fairness;
Justice】

6、多选题：
‌What are the steps involved in implementing the behavioral utilitarian approach?​
选项：
A: Identify the various options available in a given situation
B: Identify the audience for each option and remember the problems encountered in determining the audience
C: Evaluate the costs and benefits of each option
D: Decide what benefits and harms each option might bring to the appropriate audience
答案: 【 Identify the various options available in a given situation;
Identify the audience for each option and remember the problems encountered in determining the audience;
Decide what benefits and harms each option might bring to the appropriate audience】

7、多选题：
​Which of the following options is a limitation of cost-benefit analysis?‏
选项：
A: It evaluates many conflicting ideas in terms of monetary value
B: It assumes that economic measures of costs and benefits trump all other considerations
C: It justifies what is morally wrong
D: It does not consider the fair distribution of costs and benefits
答案: 【 It assumes that economic measures of costs and benefits trump all other considerations;
It justifies what is morally wrong;
It does not consider the fair distribution of costs and benefits】

8、多选题：
‏In what ways might differences in conceptual application arise?‌
选项：
A: The concept itself being applied
B: The way of application
C: Specific factual features applied to concepts
D: Application body
答案: 【 The concept itself being applied;
Specific factual features applied to concepts】

9、多选题：
‍According to the Provisions of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Promotion Act promulgated by the United States, which of the following characteristics should be simultaneously satisfied with the behavior of exchange rate manipulation?‎
选项：
A: A huge trade surplus with the US
B: The dollar continued to fall
C: The huge current account surplus
D: Continued one-way intervention in foreign exchange markets
答案: 【 A huge trade surplus with the US;
The huge current account surplus;
Continued one-way intervention in foreign exchange markets】

10、判断题：
‎The problem of the applicability of a concept is to determine whether a concept can be applied to a specific scenario.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

11、判断题：
​One of the functions of line drawing is to concretize the problem of degree of abstraction.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验1

1、单选题：
‎Given that factual problems have no solutions, what issues we sometimes have to identify?‍
选项：
A: Ethical issues
B: Conceptual issues
C: Theoretical issues
D: Normative issues
答案: 【 Conceptual issues】

2、多选题：
‌What do moral  issues originate from?‎
选项：
A: Factual issues
B: Conceptual issues
C: Theoretical issues
D: Cultural issues
答案: 【 Factual issues;
Conceptual issues】

3、判断题：
​All factual questions have objective answers.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验2

1、单选题：
‌What should be accurate about a concept when defining it?‎
选项：
A: Target
B: Extension
C: Scope
D: Connotation
答案: 【 Connotation】

2、判断题：
​The extension of the concept should be clear. Namely, the scope of application and boundaries should be clear.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验3

1、单选题：
‏Between what does the line drawing method look for the basic position of a feature?‏
选项：
A: Facts
B: Concepts
C: Problems
D: Extremes
答案: 【 Extremes】

2、多选题：
‌In what ways might differences in conceptual application arise?​
选项：
A: The concept itself being applied
B: The way of application
C: Specific factual features applied to concepts
D: Application body
答案: 【 The concept itself being applied;
Specific factual features applied to concepts】

3、判断题：
‏The problem of the applicability of a concept is to determine whether a concept can be applied to a specific scenario.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验4

1、单选题：
​What does the resolution of ethical problems usually depend on?​
选项：
A: Finding a creative middle way between these two extremes
B: Developing unique roads
C: Developing rational path in perceptual knowledge
D: Finding a way on the basis of efficient utilization of resources
答案: 【 Finding a creative middle way between these two extremes】

随堂测验5

1、单选题：
‏Which of the following is a utilitarian judgment?‌
选项：
A: We are born with obligations
B: People are rational
C: Those actions or rules that produce the greatest overall utility to those affected by them are justified
D: Men have virtues
答案: 【 Those actions or rules that produce the greatest overall utility to those affected by them are justified】

2、多选题：
​What are the steps involved in a cost-benefit analysis?​
选项：
A: Identify viable options
B: Assess the costs and benefits of each option in monetary terms
C: Make the decision that is likely to yield the greatest benefit relative to the cost
D: Reflect on your behavior
答案: 【 Identify viable options;
Assess the costs and benefits of each option in monetary terms;
Make the decision that is likely to yield the greatest benefit relative to the cost】

3、判断题：
‎Engineering codes require engineers to put the safety, health and well-being of the public first, a principle that is not utilitarian.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验6

1、单选题：
‍According to the behavioral utilitarian approach, what might be the basis of choice for a road rehabilitation program?‍
选项：
A: Serving more people
B: The lowest cost
C: The shortest renovation period
D: The highest operating income
答案: 【 Serving more people】

2、多选题：
‌What are the steps involved in implementing the behavioral utilitarian approach?‌
选项：
A: Identify the various options available in a given situation
B: Identify the audience for each option and remember the problems encountered in determining the audience
C: Evaluate the costs and benefits of each option
D: Decide what benefits and harms each option might bring to the appropriate audience
答案: 【 Identify the various options available in a given situation;
Identify the audience for each option and remember the problems encountered in determining the audience;
Decide what benefits and harms each option might bring to the appropriate audience】

3、判断题：
‎Even if in some particular cases, utilitarian analyses are ultimately inconclusive, they seem to carry considerable legal weight.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验7

1、单选题：
‎Behavioral utilitarianism asks about the utility of the consequences of a particular action, whereas rule utilitarianism asks about the utility of what?‍
选项：
A: Influence of behavior
B: Cause of behavior
C: Rules
D: Ethics
答案: 【 Rules】

2、判断题：
‏Opposite to utilitarianism, another ethical thought or method is to respect human ethics.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验8

1、单选题：
‎If we believe our actions are ethical, then we should accept that it is morally acceptable for others to do similar things in similar circumstances. What characteristics does this reflect?‏
选项：
A: Universality
B: Reversibility
C: Cyclicity
D: Reflexivity
答案: 【 Universality】

2、多选题：
‌What values require people to regard every individual as a moral subject?‍
选项：
A: Freedom
B: Honesty
C: Fairness
D: Justice
答案: 【 Fairness;
Justice】

3、判断题：
​The so-called moral subject, in a nutshell, is an individual capable of making moral decisions.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

Engineer Capability

1、单选题：
‍Which of the following is a misrepresentation of the "iceberg model"?‌
选项：
A: Knowledge and skills are visible, explicit features of the relative surface
B: Superficial knowledge and skills are relatively easy to change and can be developed through training
C: Motivation, such as drive, is the more hidden, deep and central part of personality, is quivalent to benchmark characteristic.
D: The core motivation and traits lie at the bottom of the personality structure and are difficult to train and develop.
答案: 【 Motivation, such as drive, is the more hidden, deep and central part of personality, is quivalent to benchmark characteristic.】

2、单选题：
‍Which of the following is a misrepresentation of the "onion model of quality"?‍
选项：
A: It shows the core elements of quality and the characteristics that can be observed and measured for each component.
B: The core element of onion model is motivation.
C: The Onion model is similar to the iceberg model in content.
D: The outer elements are more difficult to cultivate and evaluate, and the inner elements are easier to acquire and evaluate.
答案: 【 The outer elements are more difficult to cultivate and evaluate, and the inner elements are easier to acquire and evaluate.】

3、单选题：
‍Which of the following is not included in the requirements for an engineer's competence?‎
选项：
A: Engineering practice skills
B: General skills
C: Ethical requirements
D: Aesthetic abilities
答案: 【 Aesthetic abilities】

4、单选题：
​Which of the following does not belong to the inherent good of engineering? ‎
选项：
A: superior technology
B: rich practical experience
C: adherence to standards
D: rise in social status
答案: 【 rise in social status】

5、多选题：
​Engineering knowledge system includes: ()‌
选项：
A: professional knowledge
B: professional skills
C: emotions, values for career development
D: knowledge and skills such as interpersonal communication
答案: 【 professional knowledge;
professional skills;
emotions, values for career development;
knowledge and skills such as interpersonal communication】

6、多选题：
‌Which of the following organizations or institutions has requirements for engineering competency standards?‎
选项：
A: Engineering education professional certification organizations
B: Institutions or associations of engineers
C: Industries or enterprises
D: Social organizations
答案: 【 Engineering education professional certification organizations;
Institutions or associations of engineers;
Industries or enterprises】

7、多选题：
‌The structure of competency features includes: ()‎
选项：
A: individual characteristics
B: behavioral characteristics
C: collective characteristics
D: situational conditions of work
答案: 【 individual characteristics;
behavioral characteristics;
situational conditions of work】

8、多选题：
​General skills include: ()​
选项：
A: basic engineering knowledge
B: communication
C: leadership
D: lifelong learning
答案: 【 communication;
leadership;
lifelong learning】

9、判断题：
​From the top to the base of the engineering knowledge pyramid model, engineers' understanding of engineering and engineering profession is constantly deepened.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

10、判断题：
‎The engineer competency standards do not contain ethical requirements for engineers.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

11、判断题：
‎The goal of post competency is to make "people" and "posts" scientific match.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验1

1、单选题：
‎Which of the following is a misrepresentation of the "iceberg model"?‏
选项：
A: Knowledge and skills are visible, explicit features of the relative surface
B: Superficial knowledge and skills are relatively easy to change and can be developed through training
C: Motivation, such as drive, is the more hidden, deep and central part of personality, is quivalent to benchmark characteristic.
D: The core motivation and traits lie at the bottom of the personality structure and are difficult to train and develop.
答案: 【 Motivation, such as drive, is the more hidden, deep and central part of personality, is quivalent to benchmark characteristic.】

2、多选题：
‍The structure of competency features includes: ()‏
选项：
A: Individual characteristics
B: behavioral characteristics
C: collective characteristics
D: situational conditions of work
答案: 【 Individual characteristics;
behavioral characteristics;
situational conditions of work】

3、判断题：
‍Behavioral characteristics refer to the idiosyncratic attributes possessed by individuals, which determine the behavior and thinking mode of individuals in specific situations.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验2

1、单选题：
‍Which of the following is not included in the requirements for an engineer's competence?‏
选项：
A: Engineering practice skills
B: General skills
C: Ethical requirements
D: Aesthetic abilities
答案: 【 Aesthetic abilities】

2、多选题：
‏Which of the following organizations or institutions has requirements for engineering competency standards?‏
选项：
A: Engineering education professional certification organizations
B: Institutions or associations of engineers
C: Industries or enterprises
D: Social organizations
答案: 【 Engineering education professional certification organizations;
Institutions or associations of engineers;
Industries or enterprises】

3、判断题：
​The engineer competency standards do not contain ethical requirements for engineers.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验3

1、单选题：
‌Which of the following is not a general skill?​
选项：
A: innovation
B: coordination
C: mathematics
D: leadership
答案: 【 mathematics】

2、多选题：
‎General skills include: ()‌
选项：
A: basic engineering knowledge
B: communication
C: leadership
D: lifelong learning
答案: 【 communication;
leadership;
lifelong learning】

3、判断题：
‎Engineering leadership is the ability to master the whole project as an engineering leader.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验4

1、单选题：
‍The top-level knowledge of the engineering knowledge pyramid model is ().‎
选项：
A: Professional knowledge
B: Basic knowledge
C: Engineering knowledge
D: General knowledge
答案: 【 Professional knowledge】

2、多选题：
​Engineering knowledge system includes: ()‍
选项：
A: professional knowledge
B: professional skills
C: emotions, values for career development
D: knowledge and skills such as interpersonal communication
答案: 【 professional knowledge;
professional skills;
emotions, values for career development;
knowledge and skills such as interpersonal communication】

3、判断题：
​From the top to the base of the engineering knowledge pyramid model, engineers' understanding of engineering and engineering profession is constantly deepened.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验5

1、单选题：
​Which of the following is a misstatement of the characteristics of post competency and professional ability?‏
选项：
A: Competency is the study of individual characteristics while professional ability is the study of collective characteristics.
B: Competency takes position as reference, while professional ability takes occupation as reference.
C: Competency emphasizes the unity of process and result of behavior while professional ability emphasizes the result of behavior.
D: Competency purpose is to make "people" - "post" - "organization" reasonable supplement.
答案: 【 Competency emphasizes the unity of process and result of behavior while professional ability emphasizes the result of behavior.】

2、判断题：
​The concept of professional ability is to deny or replace the concept of post competency.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Engineering Specifications and Responsibility

1、单选题：
‎When the industry standard code is followed by (), it indicates that this standard is a recommended industry standard, otherwise it is a mandatory industry standard.‎
选项：
A: /Q
B: /T
C: /I
D: /M
答案: 【 /T】

2、单选题：
‏Which of the following types of responsibilities can be regarded as a combination of positive and negative responsibility? ()​
选项：
A: Role-responsibility
B: Unlimited responsibility 
C: Bottom-line responsibility 
D: Reasonable care
答案: 【 Role-responsibility】

3、单选题：
‏The interests of the company include making profits, （）and staying out of legal disputes.‍
选项：
A: Paying taxes
B:  Maintaining a good public image
C: Protecting the public interest
D: Maintaining public safety
答案: 【  Maintaining a good public image】

4、单选题：
‎The responsibility principle of collective behavior  is that in the case of collective behavior causing harm, the responsibility of each member of the group depends on ().​
选项：
A: The status of the member in the collective
B: The extent to which the member’s action promotes collective action
C: The member's position in the collective
D: The relationship between this member and other members
答案: 【 The extent to which the member’s action promotes collective action】

5、多选题：
‌Which of the following are symptoms of group thinking？（）‎
选项：
A: A fantasy that the group will not suffer defeat
B: An illusion of unanimity that sees the silence of its members as an agreement
C: A tendency to transfer responsibility to others
D: A tendency for individual members to self-censor
答案: 【 A fantasy that the group will not suffer defeat;
An illusion of unanimity that sees the silence of its members as an agreement;
A tendency to transfer responsibility to others;
A tendency for individual members to self-censor】

6、多选题：
‎If a person can prevent a misdeed only by (), then it is unreasonable to expect him to do so.‎
选项：
A: Giving up his life
B: Sacrificing his limbs
C: Hurting others
D: Losing some money
答案: 【 Giving up his life;
Sacrificing his limbs;
Hurting others】

7、多选题：
​What characteristics of the company make it very similar to the moral subject? ()​
选项：
A: Companies have decision-making mechanisms like people.
B: Companies, like people, have policies that guide them in making decisions.
C: Companies have the same initiative as people.
D: Companies, like people, can have their own "interests".
答案: 【 Companies have decision-making mechanisms like people.;
Companies, like people, have policies that guide them in making decisions.;
Companies, like people, can have their own "interests".】

8、多选题：
‍In the law, what conditions must be met for a successful negligence lawsuit? ()‌
选项：
A: There are legal liabilities corresponding to specific standards of conduct.
B: A person accused of negligence fails to comply with these standards.
C: There is a reasonable and close causal relationship between the act and the harm caused thereby.
D: It constitutes an actual loss or damage to the interests of others.
答案: 【 There are legal liabilities corresponding to specific standards of conduct.;
A person accused of negligence fails to comply with these standards.;
There is a reasonable and close causal relationship between the act and the harm caused thereby.;
It constitutes an actual loss or damage to the interests of others.】

9、多选题：
‌Which of the following are the basic contents of the standard of care ()?​
选项：
A: Protecting yourself from liability
B: Meeting the reasonable expectations of the public
C: Practicing the practice standards recognized by experienced and capable engineers
D: Performing basic duties of work in accordance with employment regulations
答案: 【 Meeting the reasonable expectations of the public;
Practicing the practice standards recognized by experienced and capable engineers】

10、判断题：
‍The engineering profession has accepted standards of professional practice, both technical and ethical.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

11、判断题：
‏In China, there is no  review period for national standards, industry standards and local standards.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验1

1、单选题：
‌Once （）is accepted and adopted, or the parties agree to include it in an economic contract, it becomes a technical basis that all parties must abide by, and has legal binding forcee.‎
选项：
A: Institutional national standard
B: Recommended national standard
C: Market national standard
D: Mandatory national standard
答案: 【 Recommended national standard】

2、多选题：
‍Which of the following options are part of the engineering norms? ()‌
选项：
A: Technical standard
B: Management Standard
C: Work standard
D: Behavior Standard
答案: 【 Technical standard;
Management Standard;
Work standard;
Behavior Standard】

3、判断题：
‏In China, there is no  review period for national standards, industry standards and local standards.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

随堂测验2

1、单选题：
‎Which of the following types of responsibilities can be regarded as a combination of positive and negative responsibility? ()‍
选项：
A: Role-responsibility
B: Unlimited responsibility 
C: Bottom-line responsibility 
D: Reasonable care
答案: 【 Role-responsibility】

2、多选题：
‏Which of the following types of responsibilities does Harris list? ()​
选项：
A: Role-responsibility
B: Positive responsibility 
C: Fault-responsibility
D: Unlimited responsibility 
答案: 【 Role-responsibility;
Positive responsibility ;
Fault-responsibility】

3、判断题：
‏From the point of view of the timeline, the concept of responsibility is a concept of backward looking, oriented towards the past; And obligation is a forward-looking concept, a future-oriented concept.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验3

1、单选题：
‏The line between （） is called the standard of care .‏
选项：
A: Safety and quality standards
B: Bottom-line responsibility and reasonable care
C: Mistake and neglect
D: Fault-responsibility and role-responsibility
答案: 【 Fault-responsibility and role-responsibility】

2、多选题：
‏Which of the following are the basic contents of the standard of care ()?‏
选项：
A: Protecting yourself from liability
B: Meeting the reasonable expectations of the public
C: Practicing the practice standards recognized by experienced and capable engineers
D: Performing basic duties of work in accordance with employment regulations
答案: 【 Meeting the reasonable expectations of the public;
Practicing the practice standards recognized by experienced and capable engineers】

3、判断题：
‍No engineering product can be considered absolutely safe.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验4

1、单选题：
​There are （） constituting conditions of moral responsibility.‍
选项：
A: 1
B: 2
C: 3
D: 4
答案: 【 4】

2、多选题：
‌In the law, what conditions must be met for a successful negligence lawsuit? ()‍
选项：
A: There are legal liabilities corresponding to specific standards of conduct.
B: A person accused of negligence fails to comply with these standards.
C: There is a reasonable and close causal relationship between the act and the harm caused thereby.
D: It constitutes an actual loss or damage to the interests of others.
答案: 【 There are legal liabilities corresponding to specific standards of conduct.;
A person accused of negligence fails to comply with these standards.;
There is a reasonable and close causal relationship between the act and the harm caused thereby.;
It constitutes an actual loss or damage to the interests of others.】

3、判断题：
‌The engineering profession has accepted standards of professional practice, both technical and ethical.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验5

1、多选题：
‍What characteristics of the company make it very similar to the moral subject? ()​
选项：
A: Companies have decision-making mechanisms like people.
B: Companies, like people, have policies that guide them in making decisions.
C: Companies have the same initiative as people.
D: Companies, like people, can have their own "interests".
答案: 【 Companies have decision-making mechanisms like people.;
Companies, like people, have policies that guide them in making decisions.;
Companies, like people, can have their own "interests".】

2、判断题：
‏Unlike a natural person, a company does not have a body, cannot be thrown into prison, and it has unlimited life.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验6

1、单选题：
‍When responsibility is caused by many people, we call it （）.‎
选项：
A: No one's responsibility
B: Positive responsibility 
C: Global responsibility
D: Multi-person responsibility
答案: 【 Multi-person responsibility】

2、多选题：
‎If a person can prevent a misdeed only by (), then it is unreasonable to expect him to do so.‎
选项：
A: Giving up his life
B: Sacrificing his limbs
C:  Hurting others
D: Losing some money
答案: 【 Giving up his life;
Sacrificing his limbs;
 Hurting others】

3、判断题：
‎Collective laziness is synonymous with collective inaction.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

随堂测验7

1、单选题：
‎（） is a deliberate avoidance of facts, because consciously facing certain facts is painful. ​
选项：
A: Self-deception
B: Fear
C: Ignorance
D: Personal interest
答案: 【 Self-deception】

2、多选题：
‏Which of the following are symptoms of group thinking？（）​
选项：
A: A fantasy that the group will not suffer defeat
B: An illusion of unanimity that sees the silence of its members as an agreement
C: A tendency to transfer responsibility to others
D: A tendency for individual members to self-censor
答案: 【 A fantasy that the group will not suffer defeat;
An illusion of unanimity that sees the silence of its members as an agreement;
A tendency to transfer responsibility to others;
A tendency for individual members to self-censor】

3、判断题：
‎To overcome the tendency to uncritically accept authority, organizations must create a culture that accepts and even encourages dissent.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

Engineering of the New Era

1、单选题：
‌The scientific revolution means which of the following has changed dramatica